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A study was conducted to investigate the temperature dependence of thermomechanical coupling in Inconel 718 (IN718). IN718 was selected as a model material due to deformation being predominantly accommodated by planar slip. Split-Hopkinson (or Kolsky) tension bar experiments were conducted at a nominal strain rate of 750 s^-1 at room temperature and 450 ^o C, representing homologous temperatures (T_H=T/T_melt) of T_H = 0.2 and T_H = 0.5, respectively. During deformation, specimen gauge sections were imaged with a high-speed infrared camera. Using one-dimensional wave analysis, the transient heat conduction equation, and temperature- dependent specific heat capacity values, the temperature rise as a function of plastic strain was used to calculate plastic work, thermal work, and the plastic work to heat conversion efficiency, commonly known as the Taylor–Quinney coefficient (TQC). As expected, a significant reduction in plastic work was observed during testing at elevated temperatures. The temperature rise due to plastic deformation was observed to be lower at room temperature compared to elevated temperature experiments. It is reported here for the first time that the TQC is a temperature-sensitive quantity. At T_H = 0.5, a nearly complete conversion of plastic work to heat was observed (TQC = 1.0). Under ambient conditions of T_H = 0.2, a much lower efficiency TQC = 0.4 was observed.
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Microscale and nanoscale strain mapping techniques applied to creep of rocks
Usually several deformation mechanisms interact to accommodate plastic deformation. Quantifying the contribution of each to the total strain is necessary to bridge the gaps from observations of microstructures, to geomechanical descriptions, to extrapolating from laboratory data to field observations. Here, we describe the experimental and computational techniques involved in microscale strain mapping (MSSM), which allows strain produced during high-pressure, high-temperature deformation experiments to be tracked with high resolution. MSSM relies on the analysis of the relative displacement of initially regularly spaced markers after deformation. We present two lithography techniques used to pattern rock substrates at different scales: photolithography and electron-beam lithography. Further, we discuss the challenges of applying the MSSM technique to samples used in high-temperature and high-pressure experiments. We applied the MSSM technique to a study of strain partitioning during creep of Carrara marble and grain boundary sliding in San Carlos olivine, synthetic forsterite, and Solnhofen limestone at a confining pressure, Pc, of 300 MPa and homologous temperatures, T∕Tm, of 0.3 to 0.6. The MSSM technique works very well up to temperatures of 700 °C. The experimental developments described here show promising results for higher-temperature applications.
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- Award ID(s):
- 1451022
- PAR ID:
- 10028787
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Solid Earth
- Volume:
- 8
- Issue:
- 4
- ISSN:
- 1869-9529
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 751 to 765
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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- Free Publicly Accessible Full Text
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Accepted Manuscript1.0
- Journal Article:
- https://doi.org/10.5194/se-8-751-2017
