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1. Trends in cannabis use among U.S. adults amid the COVID-19 pandemic

   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103517  

   Brenneke, Savannah G. ; Nordeck, Courtney D. ; Riehm, Kira E. ; Schmid, Ian ; Tormohlen, Kayla N. ; Smail, Emily J. ; Johnson, Renee M. ; Kalb, Luther G. ; Stuart, Elizabeth A. ; Thrul, Johannes ( February 2022 , International Journal of Drug Policy)
2. Tobacco, but Neither Cannabis Smoking Nor Co-Drug Use, Is Associated With Hearing Loss in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011 to 2012 and 2015 to 2016

   https://doi.org/10.1097/AUD.0000000000001219  

   Baiduc, Rachael R. ; Sun, Joshua W. ; Spankovich, Christopher ; Vance, Eric A. ( January 2022 , Ear & Hearing)
3. Neuroimaging meta-analysis of cannabis use studies reveals convergent functional alterations in brain regions supporting cognitive control and reward processing

   https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881117744995  

   Yanes, Julio A ; Riedel, Michael C ; Ray, Kimberly L ; Kirkland, Anna E ; Bird, Ryan T ; Boeving, Emily R ; Reid, Meredith A ; Gonzalez, Raul ; Robinson, Jennifer L ; Laird, Angela R ; et al ( January 2018 , Journal of Psychopharmacology)
4. The association between preconception cannabis use and gestational diabetes mellitus: The Preconception Period Analysis of Risks and Exposures Influencing health and Development ( PrePARED ) consortium

   https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.13008  

   Pan, Ke ; Jukic, Anne Marie ; Mishra, Gita D. ; Mumford, Sunni L. ; Wise, Lauren A. ; Schisterman, Enrique F. ; Ley, Sylvia H. ; Charlton, Brittany M. ; Chavarro, Jorge E. ; Hart, Jaime E. ; et al ( September 2023 , Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology)

   The metabolic changes that ultimately lead to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) likely begin before pregnancy. Cannabis use might increase the risk of GDM by increasing appetite or promoting fat deposition and adipogenesis.

   We aimed to assess the association between preconception cannabis use and GDM incidence.

   We analysed individual‐level data from eight prospective cohort studies. We identified the first, or index, pregnancy (lasting ≥20 weeks of gestation with GDM status) after cannabis use. In analyses of pooled individual‐level data, we used logistic regression to estimate study‐type‐specific odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for potential confounders using random effect meta‐analysis to combine study‐type‐specific ORs and 95% CIs. Stratified analyses assessed potential effect modification by preconception tobacco use and pre‐pregnancy body mass index (BMI).

   Of 17,880 participants with an index pregnancy, 1198 (6.7%) were diagnosed with GDM. Before the index pregnancy, 12.5% of participants used cannabis in the past year. Overall, there was no association between preconception cannabis use in the past year and GDM (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.79, 1.18). Among participants who never used tobacco, however, those who used cannabis more than weekly had a higher risk of developing GDM than those who did not use cannabis in the past year (OR 2.65, 95% CI 1.15, 6.09). This association was not present among former or current tobacco users. Results were similar across all preconception BMI groups.

   In this pooled analysis of preconception cohort studies, preconception cannabis use was associated with a higher risk of developing GDM among individuals who never used tobacco but not among individuals who formerly or currently used tobacco. Future studies with more detailed measurements are needed to investigate the influence of preconception cannabis use on pregnancy complications.

    

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5. Occipital neural dynamics in cannabis and alcohol use: independent effects of addiction

   https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01493-y  

   Lew, Brandon J. ; Salimian, Anabel ; Wilson, Tony W. ( November 2021 , Scientific Reports)

   Alcohol and cannabis use disorder (AUD/CUD) are two of the most common addictive disorders. While studies are beginning to understand the neural changes related to acute and chronic use, few studies have examined the independent effects of AUD and CUD on neural oscillatory activity. We examined 45 adults who reported current use of both cannabis and alcohol. Participants underwent the SCID-V to determine whether they met criteria for AUD and/or CUD. Participants also completed a visual-spatial processing task while undergoing magnetoencephalography (MEG). ANCOVA with a 2 × 2 design was then used to identify the main effects of AUD and CUD on source-level oscillatory activity. Of the 45 adults, 17 met criteria for AUD, and 26 met criteria for CUD. All participants, including comparison groups, reported use of both cannabis and alcohol. Statistical analyses showed a main effect of AUD, such that participants with AUD displayed a blunted occipital alpha (8–16 Hz) response. Post-hoc testing showed this decreased alpha response was related to increased AUD symptoms, above and beyond amount of use. No effects of AUD or CUD were identified in visual theta or gamma activity. In conclusion, AUD was associated with reduced alpha responses and scaled with increasing severity, independent of CUD. These findings indicate that alpha oscillatory activity may play an integral part in networks affected by alcohol addiction.

    

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