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   https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biochem.2c00536  

   Steiner, Halley R.; Lammer, Nickolaus C.; Batey, Robert T.; Wuttke, Deborah S. (October 2022, Biochemistry)

   Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is a ligand-responsive transcription factor critical for sex determination and development. Recent reports challenge the canonical view of ERα function by suggesting an activity beyond binding dsDNA at estrogen-responsive promotor elements: association with RNAs in vivo. Whether these interactions are direct or indirect remains unknown, which limits the ability to understand the extent, specificity, and biological role of ERα-RNA binding. Here we demonstrate that an extended DNA-binding domain of ERα directly binds a wide range of RNAs in vitro with structural specificity. ERα binds RNAs that adopt a range of hairpin-derived structures independent of sequence, while interacting poorly with single- and double-stranded RNA. RNA affinities are only 4-fold weaker than consensus dsDNA and significantly tighter than nonconsensus dsDNA sequences. Moreover, RNA binding is competitive with DNA binding. Together, these data show that ERα utilizes an extended DNA-binding domain to achieve a high-affinity/low-specificity mode for interacting with RNA. 

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2. Somatic estrogen receptor α mutations that induce dimerization promote receptor activity and breast cancer proliferation

   https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI163242  

   Irani, Seema; Tan, Wuwei; Li, Qing; Toy, Weiyi; Jones, Catherine; Gadiya, Mayur; Marra, Antonio; Katzenellenbogen, John A; Carlson, Kathryn E; Katzenellenbogen, Benita S; et al (January 2024, Journal of Clinical Investigation)
3. Screening for Phytoestrogens using a Cell-based Estrogen Receptor β Reporter Assay

   https://doi.org/10.3791/61005  

   Chester, Emily M; Fender, Emily; Wasserman, Michael D (January 2020, Journal of Visualized Experiments)
4. Simulations reveal increased fluctuations in estrogen receptor-alpha conformation upon antagonist binding

   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmgm.2016.08.009  

   Ng, Ho Leung (September 2016, Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling)
5. Targeting Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Microtumors with Endoxifen-Conjugated, Hypoxia-Sensitive Polymersomes

   https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c02250  

   Mamnoon, Babak; Feng, Li; Froberg, Jamie; Choi, Yongki; Sathish, Venkatachalem; Taratula, Oleh; Taratula, Olena; Mallik, Sanku (October 2021, ACS Omega)