skip to main content


Title: Synthesis, structural characterization and NMR studies of group 10 metal complexes with macrocyclic amine N-heterocyclic carbene ligands
A series of Ni( ii ), Pd( ii ) and Pt( ii ) complexes [ML][PF 6 ] 2 [L = L 1 , M = Ni ( 1 ), Pd ( 2 ), Pt ( 3 ); L = L 2 , M = Ni ( 4 ), Pd ( 5 ), Pt ( 6 )] and [Pt(L 2 )(acac)] ( 7 ) have been prepared by the reactions of two tetradentate macrocyclic amine-NHC ligand precursors, [H 2 L 1 ][PF 6 ] 2 and [H 2 L 2 ][PF 6 ] 2 , with Ni(OAc) 2 ·4H 2 O, Pd(OAc) 2 and Pt(acac) 2 in the presence of NaOAc. Complex 7 is isolated along with 6 from the same reaction between [H 2 L 2 ][PF 6 ] 2 and Pt(acac) 2 . There are two atropisomers in 1–3 and two achiral conformers in 4–6 . The crystal structures of 1–3 and one conformer of 4–6 ( 4a–6a ) have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The metal ion is found to reside in the cavity of the macrocyclic ring and adopts a square-planar configuration. Detailed NMR studies including variable-temperature NMR spectroscopy reveal a dynamic interconverting process between two atropisomers of 1–3 in the solutions via a ring twisting mechanism. Two conformers in the equilibrated solution of 4–6 , probably arising from the orientation of two amine N–H bonds with respect to the coordination plane, exchange slowly. Time-dependent 1 H NMR spectra show that one conformer ( 4a–6a ) in solution converts into the other ( 4b–6b ) via the inversion of the nitrogen atom.  more » « less
Award ID(s):
1633870
NSF-PAR ID:
10062481
Author(s) / Creator(s):
; ; ; ; ; ;
Date Published:
Journal Name:
Dalton Transactions
Volume:
47
Issue:
12
ISSN:
1477-9226
Page Range / eLocation ID:
4282 to 4292
Format(s):
Medium: X
Sponsoring Org:
National Science Foundation
More Like this
  1. Abstract

    The syntheses of the 2,9‐dimesityl‐1,10‐phenanthroline (dmesp) metal complexes, [Cu(dmesp)(MeCN)]PF6(1), [Cu(dmesp)2]PF6(2), Fe(dmesp)Cl2(3), Co(dmesp)Cl2(4), Ni(dmesp)Cl2(5), Zn(dmesp)Cl2(6), Pd(dmesp)MeCl (7), Cu(dmesp)Cl (8), and Pd(dmesp)2Cl2(9), in good to high yields are described. These complexes were characterized by1H and13C NMR spectroscopy, HR–MS (ESI and/or APPI), and elemental analysis (CHN). The solid‐state structures of complexes18were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray analysis and their photophysical properties were also characterized. To demonstrate the versatility of this new platform, complexes35,8, and9were employed in the catalytic oligomerization of ethylene using modified methyl aluminoxane (MMAO) as the cocatalyst, where Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes (4and5, respectively) were found to exhibit moderate selectivity for catalytic dimerization of ethylene to butenes over tri‐ or tetramerization. Complex8is an effective catalyst of both the commonly encountered “click” reaction and amine arylation chemistries. Complexes6and9were found to be excellent catalysts for Friedel‐Crafts alkylation and Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling, respectively.

     
    more » « less
  2. Reactions of the bicompartmental bis(phenolato) compound 6,6′-methylenebis(2-((bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)methyl)-4-chlorophenol)hemihydrate (H 2 L ½H 2 O) with 3d metal( ii ) ions afforded novel fully structurally characterized bridged acetato dinuclear complexes [Mn 2 (HL)(μ 1,2 -OAc) 2 ]PF 6 (1) [Zn 2 (HL)(μ 1,2 -OAc)(H 2 O) 0.75 (MeOH) 0.25 ](PF 6 ) 2 ·0.45(H 2 O) (5) and [Cd 2 (HL)(μ 1,1,2 -OAc)(OAc)(H 2 O)]PF 6 ·H 2 O (6) as well as the polymeric bridged-azido tetranuclear catena -[Cu 4 (HL) 2 (μ 1,1 -N 3 ) 2 (μ 1,3 -N 3 ) 2 ](NO 3 ) 2 ·5H 2 O (4). The complex [Cu 4 (HL) 2 (ClO 4 ) 3 (H 2 O) 5 ](ClO 4 ) 3 ·5H 2 O (2) was partially characterized. In addition, three more dinuclear complexes [Cu 2 (H 2 L)(NO 3 ) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ](NO 3 ) 2 (3), [Cu 2 (HL)(OAc)(CH 3 OH)](PF 6 ) 2 (7) and [Cu 2 (HL)(NCS) 2 ]NO 3 ·2H 2 O (8) were also isolated. All complexes were characterized by CHN elemental analysis, IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy, ESI-MS, conductivity measurements and X-ray single crystal crystallography for compounds 1, 4, 5 and 6, where the bis(phenolato) ligand displayed different deprotonation (H 2 L, HL − and L 2− ). The magnetic susceptibility measurements over the temperature range 2–300 K revealed very weak antiferromagnetic coupling in dimanganese( ii ) 1 ( J = −1.64(1) cm −1 ) and almost negligible magnetic interaction in dicopper( ii ) 2 ( J = 0(3) cm −1 ). In the azido catena -[Cu 4 (HL) 2 (μ 1,1 -N 3 ) 2 (μ 1,3 -N 3 ) 2 ](NO 3 ) 2 ·5H 2 O (4) complex, the J value of −133(3) cm −1 was obtained upon moderate-to-strong antiferromagnetic coupling through the di-μ 1,3 -N 3 -bridged dicopper( ii ) unit with no magnetic interaction between the two copper( ii ) ions in the di-μ 1,1 -N 3 -bridged unit. 
    more » « less
  3. Four macrocyclic hybrid salts with different numbers of benzimidazolium and amine units, [H 2 L][PF 6 ] 2 (L = L 1 , L 2 , L 3 ) and [H 4 L 4 ][PF 6 ] 4 , have been employed as the heterocyclic carbene (NHC) precursors toward new Ag( i )– and Au( i )–NHC complexes. Three trinuclear and one tetranuclear Ag( i ) complexes 1–4 have been obtained from the reactions of the NHC precursors and Ag 2 O in acetonitrile. Four dinuclear Au( i )–NHC complexes 5–8 have been prepared by reacting the NHC precursors and AuCl(SMe 2 ) in the presence of NaOAc in DMF. The molecular structures of all the complexes are established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The metal ions in the Ag( i ) complexes 1–3 and the Au( i ) complexes 5–7 are coordinated with two macrocyclic NHC ligands to form a sandwiched structure. In contrast, a trinuclear Ag 3 core is located in the cavity of one macrocyclic ligand in [Ag 3 (L 4 )][PF 6 ] 3 ( 4 ). The photoluminescence properties of Au( i ) complexes 5–8 have also been investigated. 
    more » « less
  4. A series of Ag( i ) and Cu( i ) complexes [Ag 3 (L 1 ) 2 ][PF 6 ] 3 ( 8 ), [Ag 3 (L 2 ) 2 ][PF 6 ] 3 ( 9 ), [Cu(L 1 )][PF 6 ] ( 10 ) and [Cu(L 2 )][PF 6 ] ( 11 ) have been synthesized by reactions of the tridentate amine-bis(N-heterocyclic carbene) ligand precursors [H 2 L 1 ][PF 6 ] 2 ( 6 ) and [H 2 L 2 ][PF 6 ] 2 ( 7 ) with Ag 2 O and Cu 2 O, respectively. Complexes 10 and 11 can also be obtained by transmetalation of 8 and 9 , respectively, with 3.0 equiv. of CuCl. A heterometallic Cu/Ag–NHC complex [Cu 2 Ag(L 1 ) 2 (CH 3 CN) 2 ][PF 6 ] 3 ( 12 ) is formed by the reaction of 8 with 2.0 equiv. of CuCl. All complexes have been characterized by NMR, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The luminescence properties of 10–12 in solution and the solid state have been studied. At room temperature, 10–12 exhibit evident luminescence in solution and the solid state. The emission wavelengths are found to be identical at 483 nm in CH 3 CN, but they are 484, 480 and 592 nm in the solid state for 10–12 , respectively. These results suggest that 12 dissociates into two molecules of 10 and Ag( i ) ions in solution. Complex 12 is the first luminescent heterometallic Cu/Ag–NHC complex. 
    more » « less
  5. null (Ed.)
    One-pot reaction of tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (TREN), [Cu I (MeCN) 4 ]PF 6 , and paraformaldehyde affords a mixed-valent [ TREN4 Cu II Cu I Cu I (μ 3 -OH)](PF 6 ) 3 complex. The macrocyclic azacryptand TREN4 contains four TREN motifs, three of which provide a bowl-shape binding pocket for the [Cu 3 (μ 3 -OH)] 3+ core. The fourth TREN caps on top of the tricopper cluster to form a cryptand, imposing conformational constraints and preventing solvent interaction. Contrasting the limited redox capability of synthetic tricopper complexes reported so far, [ TREN4 Cu II Cu I Cu I (μ 3 -OH)](PF 6 ) 3 exhibits several reversible single-electron redox events. The distinct electrochemical behaviors of [ TREN4 Cu II Cu I Cu I (μ 3 -OH)](PF 6 ) 3 and its solvent-exposed analog [ TREN3 Cu II Cu II Cu II (μ 3 -O)](PF 6 ) 4 suggest that isolation of tricopper core in a cryptand enables facile electron transfer, allowing potential application of synthetic tricopper complexes as redox catalysts. Indeed, the fully reduced [ TREN4 Cu I Cu I Cu I (μ 3 -OH)](PF 6 ) 2 can reduce O 2 under acidic conditions. The geometric constraints provided by the cryptand are reminiscent of Nature's multicopper oxidases (MCOs). For the first time, a synthetic tricopper cluster was isolated and fully characterized at Cu I Cu I Cu I ( 4a ), Cu II Cu I Cu I ( 4b ), and Cu II Cu II Cu I ( 4c ) states, providing structural and spectroscopic models for many intermediates in MCOs. Fast electron transfer rates (10 5 to 10 6 M −1 s −1 ) were observed for both Cu I Cu I Cu I /Cu II Cu I Cu I and Cu II Cu I Cu I /Cu II Cu II Cu I redox couples, approaching the rapid electron transfer rates of copper sites in MCO. 
    more » « less