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1. Real-time MLton: A Standard ML runtime for real-time functional programs

   https://doi.org/10.1017/S0956796821000174  

   SHIVKUMAR, BHARGAV; MURPHY, JEFFREY; ZIAREK, LUKASZ (January 2021, Journal of Functional Programming)

   Abstract There is a growing interest in leveraging functional programming languages in real-time and embedded contexts. Functional languages are appealing as many are strictly typed, amenable to formal methods, have limited mutation, and have simple but powerful concurrency control mechanisms. Although there have been many recent proposals for specialized domain-specific languages for embedded and real-time systems, there has been relatively little progress on adapting more general purpose functional languages for programming embedded and real-time systems. In this paper, we present our current work on leveraging Standard ML (SML) in the embedded and real-time domains. Specifically, we detail our experiences in modifying MLton, a whole-program optimizing compiler for SML, for use in such contexts. We focus primarily on the language runtime, reworking the threading subsystem, object model, and garbage collector. We provide preliminary results over a radar-based aircraft collision detector ported to SML. 

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2. Machine Learning in Real-Time Internet of Things (IoT) Systems: A Survey

   https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2022.3161050  

   Bian, Jiang; Arafat, Abdullah Al; Xiong, Haoyi; Li, Jing; Li, Li; Chen, Hongyang; Wang, Jun; Dou, Dejing; Guo, Zhishan (March 2022, IEEE Internet of Things Journal)
3. PlanGenLLMs: A Modern Survey of LLM Planning Capabilities

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4. A High-Rate Software-Defined Underwater Acoustic Modem With Real-Time Adaptation Capabilities

   https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2815026  

   Demirors, Emrecan; Sklivanitis, George; Santagati, G. Enrico; Melodia, Tommaso; Batalama, Stella N. (January 2018, IEEE Access)
5. Functional evaluation of a real-time EMG controlled prosthetic hand

   https://doi.org/10.1017/wtc.2025.7  

   Kalita, Amlan Jyoti; Chanu, Maibam Pooya; Kakoty, Nayan M; Vinjamuri, Ramana Kumar; Borah, Satyajit (January 2025, Wearable Technologies)

   Abstract Electromyogram (EMG)-controlled prosthetic hands have advanced significantly during the past two decades. However, most of the currently available prosthetic hands fail to replicate human hand functionality and controllability. To measure the emulation of the human hand by a prosthetic hand, it is important to evaluate the functional characteristics. Moreover, incorporating feedback from end users during clinical testing is crucial for the precise assessment of a prosthetic hand. The work reported in this manuscript unfolds the functional characteristics of an EMG-CoNtrolled PRosthetIC Hand called ENRICH. ENRICH is a real-time EMG controlled prosthetic hand that can grasp objects in 250.8$$ \pm $$1.1 ms, fulfilling the neuromuscular constraint of a human hand. ENRICH is evaluated in comparison to 26 laboratory prototypes and 10 commercial variants of prosthetic hands. The hand was evaluated in terms of size, weight, operation time, weight lifting capacity, finger joint range of motion, control strategy, degrees of freedom, grasp force, and clinical testing. The box and block test and pick and place test showed ENRICH’s functionality and controllability. The functional evaluation reveals that ENRICH has the potential to restore functionality to hand amputees, improving their quality of life. 

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