A binary mixture of mesoporous silica nanoparticles plus organic polyammonium additive (dye or drug) is cleanly converted upon mild heating into hollow nanoparticles. The remodeled nanoparticle shell is an organized nanoscale assembly of globular additive/silica subunits and cancer cell assays show that a loaded drug additive is bioavailable.
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Synthesis of Inorganic Hollow Nanospheres and their Application in Drug Delivery
Several approaches have been made to synthesize inorganic hollow nanospheres. A dual-template system is the most effective method, usually using surfactants to form mesoporous shells and rigid templates to form interior hollow structures. However, the removal of rigid templates is time consuming and uneconomical. The self-assembly of soft-templates is more convenient and is able to directly construct hollow mesoporous nanoparticles. The soft-templating approach especially the micelles of amphiphilic block copolymers are very helpfulfor creating hollow interiors andporous shell. The hollow void and thickness of shell can be easily tuned by changing either molecular weight of polymer or solution properties. This review focuses on the synthesis of inorganic hollow nanospheres and their application in drug delivery. The large hollow void space with thorough porosity are always beneficial for drug loading and release.
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- Award ID(s):
- 1736173
- NSF-PAR ID:
- 10084523
- Publisher / Repository:
- Journal of Nepal Chemical Society
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Soc
- Volume:
- 38
- ISSN:
- 2164-0696
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 12-16
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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Abstract Mesoporous inorganic particles and hollow spheres are of increasing interest for a broad range of applications, but synthesis approaches are typically material specific, complex, or lack control over desired structures. Here it is reported how combining mesoscale block copolymer (BCP) directed inorganic materials self‐assembly and macroscale spinodal decomposition can be employed in multicomponent BCP/hydrophilic inorganic precursor blends with homopolymers to prepare mesoporous inorganic particles with controlled meso‐ and macrostructures. The homogeneous multicomponent blend solution undergoes dual phase separation upon solvent evaporation. Microphase‐separated (BCP/inorganic precursor)‐domains are confined within the macrophase‐separated majority homopolymer matrix, being self‐organized toward particle shapes that minimize the total interfacial area/energy. The pore orientation and particle shape (solid spheres, oblate ellipsoids, hollow spheres) are tailored by changing the kind of homopolymer matrix and associated enthalpic interactions. Furthermore, the sizes of particle and hollow inner cavity are tailored by changing the relative amount of homopolymer matrix and the rates of solvent evaporation. Pyrolysis yields discrete mesoporous inorganic particles and hollow spheres. The present approach enables a high degree of control over pore structure, orientation, and size (15–44 nm), particle shape, particle size (0.6–3 µm), inner cavity size (120–700 nm), and chemical composition (e.g., aluminosilicates, carbon, and metal oxides).
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Abstract Ultrathin mesoporous Ta3N5hollow nanospheres were synthesized via a facile and orchestrated template-free solution-based synthesis followed by thermal nitridation. A systematic investigation of structural evolution with annealing revealed a progressive crystallization with concurrent development of mesoporosity and modification of chemical composition with nitridation time. Subsequent performance of as-prepared photocatalysts were evaluated by the degradation of methylene blue under visible light irradiation (
λ > 400 nm). Ta3N5hollow nanospheres exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than Ta3N5nanorods or bulk Ta3N5, which can be attributed to their engineered structure as well as the oxygen and nitrogen content. -
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Accepted Manuscript1.0
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