Chlorine radicals readily activate C-H bonds, but the high reactivity of these intermediates precludes their use in regioselective C-H functionalization reactions. We demonstrate that the secondary coordination sphere of a metal complex can confine photoeliminated chlorine radicals and afford steric control over their reactivity. Specifically, a series of iron(III) chloride pyridinediimine complexes exhibit activity for photochemical C(sp(3))-H chlorination and bromination with selectivity for primary and secondary C-H bonds, overriding thermodynamic preference for weaker tertiary C-H bonds. Transient absorption spectroscopy reveals that Cl center dot remains confined through formation of a Cl center dot larene complex with aromatic groups on the pyridinediimine ligand. Furthermore, photocrystallography confirms that this selectivity arises from the generation of Cl center dot within the steric environment defined by the iron secondary coordination sphere.
more »
« less
Degradation and Deactivation of Bacterial Antibiotic Resistance Genes during Exposure to Free Chlorine, Monochloramine, Chlorine Dioxide, Ozone, Ultraviolet Light, and Hydroxyl Radical
- Award ID(s):
- 1254929
- PAR ID:
- 10084767
- Publisher / Repository:
- American Chemical Society
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Environmental Science & Technology
- Volume:
- 53
- Issue:
- 4
- ISSN:
- 0013-936X
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- p. 2013-2026
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
More Like this
-
-
null (Ed.)Abstract. Future trajectories of the stratospheric trace gas background will alter the rates of bromine- and chlorine-mediated catalytic ozone destruction via changes in the partitioning of inorganic halogen reservoirs and the underlying temperature structure of the stratosphere. The current formulation of the bromine alpha factor, the ozone-destroying power of stratospheric bromine atoms relative to stratospheric chlorine atoms, is invariant with the climate state. Here, we refactor the bromine alpha factor, introducing normalization to a benchmark chemistry–climate state, and formulate Equivalent Effective Stratospheric Benchmark-normalized Chlorine (EESBnC) to reflect changes in the rates of both bromine- and chlorine-mediated ozone loss catalysis with time. We show that the ozone-processing power of the extrapolar stratosphere is significantly perturbed by future climate assumptions. Furthermore, we show that our EESBnC-based estimate of the extrapolar ozone recovery date is in closer agreement with extrapolar ozone recovery dates predicted using more sophisticated 3-D chemistry–climate models than predictions made using equivalent effective stratospheric chlorine (EESC).more » « less
An official website of the United States government
