Enhanced magnetic moments in Mn-doped FeCo clusters owing to ferromagnetic surface Mn atoms

Sakurai, Masahiro; Chelikowsky, James R.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.3.044402

We report spectroscopic and time-resolved experimental observations to characterize the

[Xe] 4 f^{13} ({}^{2}F_{5 / 2}^{o}) 5 d 6 s ({}^{1}D)^{1} {[5 / 2]}_{5 / 2}^{o}

state in

{}^{172}{Yb}^{+}

ions. We access this state from the metastable

4 f^{14} 5 d ({}^{2}D_{3 / 2, 5 / 2})

manifold and observe an unexpectedly long lifetime of

τ = 37.9 (9) µ s

that allows visible Rabi oscillations and resolved-sideband spectroscopy. Using a combination of coherent population dynamics, high-fidelity detection and heralded state preparation, and optical pumping methods, we measure the branching ratios to the

{}^{2}D_{3 / 2}, {}^{2}D_{5 / 2}

, and

{}^{2}S_{1 / 2}

states to be

0.359 (2)

, 0.639(2), and

0.0023 (16)

, respectively. The branching ratio to the

4 f^{13} 6 s^{2} ({{}^{2}F}_{7 / 2})

is compatible with zero within our experimental resolution. We also report measurements of Landé

g

-factor of the

^{1} {[5 / 2]}_{5 / 2}^{o}

state. Further, the branching ratio of the

{}^{2}D_{5 / 2}

to

{}^{2}S_{1 / 2}

decay in

{}^{172}{Yb}^{+}

was measured to be 0.188(3), improving its relative uncertainty by an order of magnitude. Our measurements provide experimental benchmarks for better understanding the atomic structure of

{Yb}^{+}

ions, which still lacks accurate numerical descriptions, and the use of high-lying excited states for partial detection and qubit manipulation in the architecture.

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