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1. Citrus tristeza virus: A century‐long challenge for the world's citrus industries

   https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12939  

   Sun, Yongduo; Yokomi, Raymond_K; Folimonova, Svetlana_Y (August 2024, Annals of Applied Biology)

   Abstract Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is a causal agent of diseases that have challenged the global citrus production for more than a century. The disease named ‘tristeza’, which means ‘sadness’ in Portuguese and Spanish, has spread by aphids and vegetative propagation, resulting in costly pandemics that reshaped the world citrus production by forcing the adaption of disease‐tolerant rootstocks. Furthermore, management of the second major CTV‐induced disease, stem pitting, became a unique example of the use of cross‐protection on a large nationwide scale, allowing many citrus growing regions to control the disease that could not be managed through horticultural practices. The information gathered in this review commemorates a hundred years of research on the virus and the respective diseases, which began with classical horticultural approaches and advanced toward the cutting‐edge molecular biology studies. In this regard, it is proper to mention that CTV research greatly benefited from close international collaboration between research institutions and scientists from the affected and nonaffected citrus areas. Moreover, despite the considerable initial losses caused by tristeza, the world's fresh fruit and juice concentrate citrus industries reemerged as highly productive following the research advancements, a situation that changed throughout Florida and Brazil in the past two decades or so with the outbreak of the devastating citrus greening (Huanglongbing) bacterial disease. This review encompasses past and recent advances in the CTV research positioning the citrus‐CTV pathosystem as a pivotal model system for investigating virus interactions with perennial woody hosts. The review will also serve as an updated version of the respective section on CTV in the Description of Plant Viruses that the Association of Applied Biologists manages. We dedicated this review to the 85th Birthday celebration of Prof. Moshe Bar‐Joseph, a world‐renowned plant pathologist whose half‐a‐century‐long career devoted to citrus diseases yielded many important, pioneering discoveries on CTV and other closteroviruses. Many of those are highlighted in this review. Prof. Bar‐Joseph retired from the Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization in Israel several years ago, yet he continues to be actively engaged in research and provides his expertise to citrus pathologists around the world in the present days. 

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2. Deriving a complex BIN through adverbial BIN complexes

   https://doi.org/10.3765/plsa.v7i1.5288  

   Whitmal, Ayana (May 2022, Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America)

   Work by Green (1998) discusses 3 sub-types of stressed BIN in African American English (AAE): stative, habitual, and completive. BIN constructions that co-occur with temporal adverbials exhibit limited grammaticality, with each sub-type differing in how they interact with these adverbials. Non-BIN constructions that involve multiple instances in the same clause of adverbials of the same class exhibit restrictions that resemble BIN + adverbial data. Drawing on works that analyze BIN as a remote past marker (Rickford 1975, Green 1998) and on works connecting adverbial position to interpretation (Ernst 2020), I argue that BIN is an adverbial itself that situates the initiation of an eventuality in the remote past. This adverbial BIN, in concert with certain combinations of tense and aspect, forms a complex that makes up the canonical BIN construction. 

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3. Acanthemblemaria aceroi, a new species of tube blenny from the Caribbean coast of South America with notes on Acanthemblemaria johnsoni (Teleostei: Chaenopsidae)

   https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4816.2.5  

   HASTINGS, PHILIP A.; EYTAN, RON I.; SUMMERS, ADAM P. (July 2020, Zootaxa)

   null (Ed.)

   Acanthemblemaria aceroi new species is described from the upwelling region of the Caribbean coasts of Venezuela and Colombia. It differs from its closest relative, Acanthemblemaria rivasi Stephens, 1970, known from Panama and Costa Rica, in the posterior extent of the infraorbitals, details of head spination, and unique COI sequences. The description of Acanthemblemaria johnsonsi Almany & Baldwin, 1996, heretofore known only from Tobago, is expanded based on specimens from islands offshore of eastern Venezuela. 

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4. Proteins: “Boil ’Em, Mash ’Em, Stick ’Em in a Stew”

   https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b05467  

   Boob, Mayank; Wang, Yuhan; Gruebele, Martin (September 2019, The Journal of Physical Chemistry B)
5. Airflow Modeling for Citrus under Protective Screens

   https://doi.org/10.3390/s24196200  

   Kurafeeva, Liubov; Wolski, Rich; Krintz, Chandra; Smyth, Thomas (October 2024, Sensors)

   This study explores the development and validation of an airflow model to support climate prediction for Citrus Under Protective Screens (CUPS) in California. CUPS is a permeable screen structure designed to protect a field of citrus trees from large insects including the vector that causes the devastating citrus greening disease. Because screen structures modify the environmental conditions (e.g., temperature, relative humidity, airflow), farm management and treatment strategies (e.g., pesticide spraying events) must be modified to account for these differences. Toward this end, we develop a model for predicting wind speed and direction in a commercial-scale research CUPS, using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. We describe the model and validate it in two ways. In the first, we model a small-scale replica CUPS under controlled conditions and compare modeled and measured airflow in and around the replica structure. In the second, we model the full-scale CUPS and use historical measurements to “back test” the model’s accuracy. In both settings, the modeled airflow values fall within statistical confidence intervals generated from the corresponding measurements of the conditions being modeled. These findings suggest that the model can aid decision support and smart agriculture solutions for farmers as they adapt their farm management practices for CUPS structures. 

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