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4. Intense laser interaction with micro-bars

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   Abstract Intense laser fields interact very differently with micrometric rough surfaces than with flat objects. The interaction features high laser energy absorption and increased emission of MeV electrons, ions, and of hard x-rays. In this work, we irradiated isolated, translationally-symmetric objects in the form of micrometric Au bars. The interaction resulted in the emission of two forward-directed electron jets having a small opening angle, a narrow energy spread in the MeV range, and a positive angle to energy correlation. Our numerical simulations show that following ionization, those electrons that are pulled into vacuum near the object’s edge, remain in-phase with the laser pulse for long enough so that the Lorentz force they experience drive them around the object’s edge. After these electrons pass the object, they form attosecond duration bunches and interact with the laser field over large distances in vacuum in confined volumes that trap and accelerate them within a narrow range of momentum. The selectivity in energy of the interaction, its directionality, and the preservation of the attosecond duration of the electron bunches over large distances, offer new means for designing future laser-based light sources. 

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5. Laser Sintering of Porous Aluminum Nitride for Environmental Applications

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   Aluminum nitride (AlN) is a high-bandgap, high-optical-refractive-index, electrical insulator with epsilon-near-zero behavior in the infrared atmospheric window. To-wards binderless additive manufacturing of porous AlN, we demonstrate a 370% increase in hardness through laser sintering. 

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