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1. Mixing the transition metals in transition metal diborides

   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2024.113646  

   Tang, Xiaochuan; Thompson, Gregory B; Weinberger, Christopher R (February 2025, Computational Materials Science)
2. Skarn-porphyry transition

   Chang, Z (September 2025, Society of Economic Geologists 2025 Conference. Brisbane, Australia (September 26-29, 2025))
3. Magnonic superradiant phase transition

   https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-021-00785-z  

   Bamba, Motoaki; Li, Xinwei; Marquez Peraca, Nicolas; Kono, Junichiro (January 2022, Communications Physics)

   Abstract In the superradiant phase transition (SRPT), coherent light and matter fields are expected to appear spontaneously in a coupled light–matter system in thermal equilibrium. However, such an equilibrium SRPT is forbidden in the case of charge-based light–matter coupling, known as no-go theorems. Here, we show that the low-temperature phase transition of ErFeO₃at a critical temperature of approximately 4 K is an equilibrium SRPT achieved through coupling between Fe³⁺magnons and Er³⁺spins. By verifying the efficacy of our spin model using realistic parameters evaluated via terahertz magnetospectroscopy and magnetization experiments, we demonstrate that the cooperative, ultrastrong magnon–spin coupling causes the phase transition. In contrast to prior studies on laser-driven non-equilibrium SRPTs in atomic systems, the magnonic SRPT in ErFeO₃occurs in thermal equilibrium in accordance with the originally envisioned SRPT, thereby yielding a unique ground state of a hybrid system in the ultrastrong coupling regime. 

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4. Tyrrhenian Continent–Ocean Transition

   https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.402.2025  

   Zitellini, N; Malinverno, A; Estes, ER (April 2025, International Ocean Discovery Program)

   In the classical view of tectonic rifting, divergent lithospheric plates cause the asthenospheric mantle to ascend, decompress, and melt, eventually producing new magmatic crust. This view has been updated by drilling results that found exhumed mantle at the continent–ocean transition (COT), leading to the definition of magma-poor rifted margins. Obtaining geologic samples from COTs to directly constrain the diversity of rifting processes is a challenge because the igneous crust and mantle rocks are typically buried under a thick sediment cover. The Tyrrhenian Sea provides an optimal location to test COT formation models by drilling because it has a comparatively thin sediment cover, allows for studying a conjugate pair of COT margins in a single drilling expedition, and has been mapped in unprecedented detail with recent geophysical measurements. The key objective of International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 402 was to determine the nature of the geologic basement in the central Vavilov Basin, where exhumed mantle peridotites were expected, and in the conjugate margins to the west (Cornaglia Terrace) and east (Campania Terrace). In the Vavilov Basin, Sites U1614 and U1616 recovered an exceptional variety of mantle rocks, including lherzolites, harzburgites, plagioclase-bearing lherzolites and harzburgites, dunites, and minor amounts of pyroxenites and magmatic intrusions. The mantle peridotites are significantly hydrated and weathered, resulting in the formation of serpentine and carbonate veins. In contrast, Site U1612 recovered at the sediment/basement interface an unconsolidated breccia with clasts of basalt, peridotite, and granite, followed by variably deformed mylonitic gneisses that transition downhole to granitoid quartz-diorite rocks. On the western Tyrrhenian margin (Cornaglia Terrace), Site U1613 sampled a sediment sequence dating back to the Messinian (Late Miocene), resting on much older sedimentary rocks akin to the Triassic–Paleozoic successions outcropping in Sardinia, supporting the hypothesis that the margin consists of extended continental crust. On the conjugate margin to the east (Campania Terrace), Site U1617 did not reach the basement but recovered a complete sequence of Messinian evaporites, including halite. The samples and data collected during Expedition 402 provide an extensive new data set to determine the heterogeneity of the mantle, the nature and history of melt production and impregnation, and the extent and evolution of mantle serpentinization and carbonation; to constrain the geometry and timing of the deformation that led to mantle exhumation; to study the fluid-rock interactions between seawater, sediment, and mantle peridotites; and to constrain geodynamic models of rifting and COT formation. 

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5. Covering Undetected Transition Fault Sites with Optimistic Unspecified Transition Faults under Multicycle Tests

   Pomeranz, I (May 2018, European Test Symposium)

   When a transition fault test set leaves undetected transition faults because of logic redundancies, test constraints, or the existence of hard-to-detect faults, it leaves transition fault sites uncovered. For the case where multicycle tests are used, this paper explores the possibility of covering the sites of undetected transition faults by using tests for what are referred to as optimistic unspecified transition faults. For this discussion, a standard transition fault is associated with an extra delay of a single clock cycle. An unspecified transition fault captures in a single fault the behaviors of transition faults of different durations. Because faults with different durations may be detectable or undetectable independently by a multicycle test, an unspecified transition fault may be detected even if the standard transition fault at the same site is undetectable. This effect is enhanced with optimistic unspecified transition faults. The paper describes an iterative test compaction procedure for multicycle tests that supplements the set of standard transition faults with optimistic unspecified transition faults to cover the sites of undetected standard transition faults. 

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