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1. Associative nitrogen fixation (ANF) in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) across a nitrogen input gradient

   https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0197320  

   Roley, Sarah S.; Duncan, David S.; Liang, Di; Garoutte, Aaron; Jackson, Randall D.; Tiedje, James M.; Robertson, G. Philip; Sainju, Upendra M. (June 2018, PLOS ONE)
2. Exploring the Role of Cryptic Nitrogen Fixers in Terrestrial Ecosystems: A Frontier in Nitrogen Cycling Research

   https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-022-00804-2  

   Cleveland, Cory C.; Reis, Carla R.; Perakis, Steven S.; Dynarski, Katherine A.; Batterman, Sarah A.; Crews, Timothy E.; Gei, Maga; Gundale, Michael J.; Menge, Duncan N.; Peoples, Mark B.; et al (December 2022, Ecosystems)
3. A holistic evaluation of nitrogen responses in maize

   https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiae029  

   Sanclemente, Maria-Angelica (January 2024, Plant Physiology)

   Nitrogen (N) fertilization has been one of the main practices used to increase yield of agricultural crops worldwide. In developed countries, N supplementation in agriculture has increased by more than 120% between the 1960s and 2020. It is estimated that N applications will continue to rise as world population is expected to grow by 3 billion people within the next 80 years. Moreover, a 56% increase in crop yield will be needed to sustain the predicted population growth. However, pollution by excess N runoff from agriculture remains a global concern. A holistic approach is thus needed to integrate knowledge of plant nitrogen use efficiency with management practices. 

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4. Investigation of Coherence Time of a Nitrogen-Vacancy Center in Diamond Created by a Low-Energy Nitrogen Implantation

   https://doi.org/10.1007/s00723-017-0885-x  

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5. Does adopting a nitrogen best management practice reduce nitrogen fertilizer rates?

   https://doi.org/10.1007/s10460-021-10227-9  

   Houser, Matthew (June 2021, Agriculture and Human Values)

   null (Ed.)

   Technical best management practices are the dominant approach promoted to mitigate agriculture’s significant contributions to environmental degradation. Yet very few social science studies have examined how farmers actually use these practices. This study focuses on the outcomes of farmers’ technical best management practice adoption related to synthetic nitrogen fertilizer management in the context of Midwestern corn agriculture in the United States. Moving beyond predicting the adoption of nitrogen best management practices, I use structural equation modeling and data from a sample of over 2500 farmers to analyze how the number of growing season applications a farmer uses influences the rate at which synthetic nitrogen is applied at the field-level. I find that each additional application of N during the growing season is associated with an average increase of 2.4 kg/ha in farmers’ average N application rate. This result counters expectation for the outcome of this practice and may suggest that structural pressures are leading farmers to use additional growing season applications to ensure sufficiently high N rates, rather than allowing them to reduce rates. I conclude by discussing the implication of this study for future research and policy. 

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