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1. A Morphological Analyzer for St. Lawrence Island / Central Siberian Yupik

   Chen, Emily; Schwartz, Lane (May 2018, LREC proceedings)

   St. Lawrence Island / Central Siberian Yupik is an endangered language, indigenous to St. Lawrence Island in Alaska and the Chukotka Peninsula of Russia, that exhibits pervasive agglutinative and polysynthetic properties. This paper discusses an implementation of a finite-state morphological analyzer for Yupik that was developed in accordance with the grammatical standards and phenomena documented in Steven A. Jacobson’s 2001 reference grammar for Yupik. The analyzer was written in foma, an open source framework for constructing finite-state grammars of morphology. The approach presented here cyclically interweaves morphology and phonology to account for the language’s intricate morphophonological system, an approach that may be applicable to languages of matching typology. The morphological analyzer has been designed to serve as foundational resource that will eventually underpin a suite of computational tools for Yupik to assist in the process of linguistic documentation and revitalization. 

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2. Bootstrapping a Neural Morphological Analyzer for St. Lawrence Island Yupik from a Finite-State Transducer

   Schwartz, Lane; Chen, Emily; Hunt, Benjamin; Schreiner, Sylvia L.R. (February 2019, 3rd Workshop on Computational Methods for Endangered Languages)

   Morphological analysis is a critical enabling technology for polysynthetic languages. We present a neural morphological analyzer for case-inflected nouns in St. Lawrence Island Yupik, an endangered polysynthetic language in the Inuit-Yupik language family, treating morphological analysis as a recurrent neural sequence-to-sequence task. By utilizing an existing finite-state morphological analyzer to create training data, we improve analysis coverage on attested Yupik word types from approximately 75% for the existing finite-state analyzer to 100% for the neural analyzer. At the same time, we achieve a substantially higher level of accuracy on a held-out testing set, from 78.9% accuracy for the finite-state analyzer to 92.2% accuracy for our neural analyzer. 

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3. Bootstrapping a Neural Morphological Analyzer for St. Lawrence Island Yupik from a Finite-State Transducer

   Schwartz, Lane; Chen, Emily; Hunt, Benjamin; Schreiner, Sylvia L.R. (February 2019, Proceedings of the Workshop on Computational Methods for Endangered Languages)

   Morphological analysis is a critical enabling technology for polysynthetic languages. We present a neural morphological analyzer for case-inflected nouns in St. Lawrence Island Yupik, an endangered polysynthetic language in the Inuit-Yupik language family, treating morphological analysis as a recurrent neural sequence-to-sequence task. By utilizing an existing finite-state morphological analyzer to create training data, we improve analysis coverage on attested Yupik word types from approximately 75% for the existing finite-state analyzer to 100% for the neural analyzer. At the same time, we achieve a substantially higher level of accuracy on a held-out testing set, from 78.9% accuracy for the finite-state analyzer to 92.2% accuracy for our neural analyzer. 

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4. Akuzipik/Yupik (St. Lawrence Island, Alaska, USA; Chukotka, Russia) – Language Snapshot

   Koonooka, Christopher Petuwaq; Schreiner, Sylvia L.R.; Masella Soldati, Giulia; Schwartz, Lane; Hunt, Benjamin; Haas, Preston; Chen, Emily; Park, Hyunji Hayley (December 2021, Language documentation and description)

   Akuzipik (Yupigestun/Yupik/St. Lawrence Island Yupik/Siberian Yupik/Chaplinski Yupik) is an endangered language belonging to the Yupik branch of the Inuit-Yupik-Unangan language family. It is currently spoken by 800-900 people in the Bering Strait region, mainly on St. Lawrence Island, Alaska (St. Lawrence Island Yupik), and on the coast of the Chukotka Peninsula, in Russia (Chaplinski Yupik) (de Reuse 1994; Schwartz et al. 2019). The linguistic differences between these two varieties seem to be minor and not affect mutual intelligibility (Krauss 1975). The language has been undergoing a rapid generational shift, beginning in the 1950s in Russia and in the 1990s in Alaska (Schwartz et al. 2019). 

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5. Akuzipik/Yupik (St. Lawrence Island, Alaska, USA; Chukotka, Russia) - Language Snapshot

   https://doi.org/10.25895/ldd43  

   Koonooka, Christopher Petuwaq; Schreiner, Sylvia L.R.; Soldati, Giulia Masella; Schwartz, Lane; Hunt, Benjamin; Haas, Preston; Chen, Emily; Park, Hyunji Hayley (December 2021, Language documentation and description)

   Akuzipik (Yupigestun/Yupik/St. Lawrence Island Yupik/Siberian Yupik/Chaplinski Yupik) is an endangered language belonging to the Yupik branch of the Inuit-Yupik-Unangan language family. It is currently spoken by 800-900 people in the Bering Strait region, mainly on St. Lawrence Island, Alaska (St. Lawrence Island Yupik), and on the coast of the Chukotka Peninsula, in Russia (Chaplinski Yupik) (de Reuse 1994; Schwartz et al. 2019). The linguistic differences between these two varieties seem to be minor and not affect mutual intelligibility (Krauss 1975). The language has been undergoing a rapid generational shift, beginning in the 1950s in Russia and in the 1990s in Alaska (Schwartz et al. 2019). 

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