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1. Open Wave Height Logger: An open source pressure sensor data logger for wave measurement

   https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10370  

   Lyman, Theodore_P; Elsmore, Kristen; Gaylord, Brian; Byrnes, Jarrett_E_K; Miller, Luke_P (June 2020, Limnology and Oceanography: Methods)

   Abstract Wave‐generated flows, associated hydrodynamic forces, and disturbances created by them play critical roles in determining the structure and health of near‐shore coastal ecosystems. Oscillatory motions produced by waves increase delivery of nutrients and food to benthic organisms, and can enhance vertical mixing to facilitate delivery of larvae and spores to the seafloor. At the same time, wave disturbances can remove individuals and biomass with far‐reaching effects on critical coastal ecosystems and the biodiversity within them. Commercial instruments designed to measure wave characteristics and the effects of wave energy can be expensive to purchase and deploy, limiting their use in large quantities or in areas where they may be lost. We have developed an inexpensive open‐source pressure transducer data logger based on an Arduino microcontroller that can be used to characterize wave conditions for deployments lasting multiple months. Our design criteria centered around simplicity, longevity, low cost, and ease of use for researchers. Housed in ubiquitous polyvinylchloride (PVC) plumbing and constructed primarily with readily available materials, the Open Wave Height Logger (OWHL) can be fabricated in a college setting with basic shop tools. The OWHL performs comparably to commercial pressure‐based wave height data loggers during tests in the field, creating the opportunity to expand the use of these sensors for applications where sufficient spatial replication or risk of instrument loss would otherwise be cost prohibitive. 

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2. gemlog: Data Conversion for the Open-Source GemInfrasound Logger

   https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.05256  

   Anderson, Jacob F.; Anderson, Kevin S.; Beschorner, Tamara (June 2023, Journal of Open Source Software)
3. LEAF: Logger for ecological and atmospheric factors

   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ohx.2019.e00079  

   Matheny, Ashley M.; Marchetto, Peter; Powell, Je'aime; Rechner, Austin; Chuah, Joon-yee; McCormick, Erica; Pierce, Suzanne A. (October 2019, HardwareX)
4. Wave Modulation of Flows on Open and Closed Reefs

   https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JC016645  

   Lindhart, M.; Rogers, J. S.; Maticka, S. A.; Woodson, C. B.; Monismith, S. G. (March 2021, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans)

   Abstract Using observations, numerical models, and theory, we explore a framework to classify reefs as open or closed based on their dynamics. While the concepts of open and closed reefs are used widely in studies of coral reef hydrodynamics and are generally based on geometry, there is no consensus on what qualifies as open and closed. With observations from Ofu, American Samoa, we show that the reef flat exhibits two different dynamical regimes depending on tidal and wave forcing. Flow over this reef flat resembles a classic one‐dimensional barrier reef flow during low tide, where wave setup creates a cross‐reef pressure gradient which forces flow on the flat. On high tide, however, flow on the flat is oblique to the crest, and at times directed offshore. We reproduce this behavior in an idealized numerical model of a fringing reef. We classify open reefs as a condition where an onshore, wave‐generated pressure gradient is balanced by friction, and closed reefs as a condition where an onshore radiation stress gradient is opposed by an offshore pressure gradient. Results from the fringing reef model show that the system transitions between open and closed behavior over a tidal cycle. Results from an additional barrier reef numerical model exhibits almost exclusively open reef behavior, for which we derive a simple theoretical model. We argue that classifying reefs as open or closed based on their dynamics, rather than geometry, is a more meaningful approach to comparing reefs and predicting their dynamical response to wave and tidal forcing. 

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5. Simulation-based validation of activity logger data for animal behavior studies

   https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-021-00254-y  

   Chen, Jiawei; Brown, Geoffrey; Fudickar, Adam (September 2021, Animal Biotelemetry)

   Abstract Bio-loggers are widely used for studying the movement and behavior of animals. However, some sensors provide more data than is practical to store given experiment or bio-logger design constraints. One approach for overcoming this limitation is to utilize data collection strategies, such as non-continuous recording or data summarization that may record data more efficiently, but need to be validated for correctness. In this paper we address two fundamental questions—how can researchers determine suitable parameters and behaviors for bio-logger sensors, and how do they validate their choices? We present a methodology that uses software-based simulation of bio-loggers to validate various data collection strategies using recorded data and synchronized, annotated video. The use of simulation allows for fast and repeatable tests, which facilitates the validation of data collection methods as well as the configuration of bio-loggers in preparation for experiments. We demonstrate this methodology using accelerometer loggers for recording the activity of the small songbirdJunco hyemalis hyemalis. 

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