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1. Mutual Learning Algorithm for Kidney Cyst, Kidney Tumor, and Kidney Stone Diagnosis.

   https://doi.org/10.15439/2023F378  

   Chowdhury, S.T.; Mukhopadhyay, S; Narendra, K. (November 2023, Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Computer Science and Intelligence Systems)
2. Kidney-Targeted Redox Scavenger Therapy Prevents Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury

   https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.790913  

   Williams, Ryan M; Shah, Janki; Mercer, Elizabeth; Tian, Helen S; Thompson, Vanessa; Cheung, Justin M; Dorso, Madeline; Kubala, Jaclyn M; Gudas, Lorraine J; de_Stanchina, Elisa; et al (January 2022, Frontiers in Pharmacology)

   Cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is a significant co-morbidity of chemotherapeutic regimens. While this condition is associated with substantially lower survival and increased economic burden, there is no pharmacological agent to effectively treat CI-AKI. The disease is hallmarked by acute tubular necrosis of the proximal tubular epithelial cells primarily due to increased oxidative stress. We investigated a drug delivery strategy to improve the pharmacokinetics of an approved therapy that does not normally demonstrate appreciable efficacy in CI-AKI, as a preventive intervention. In prior work, we developed a kidney-selective mesoscale nanoparticle (MNP) that targets the renal proximal tubular epithelium. Here, we found that the nanoparticles target the kidneys in a mouse model of CI-AKI with significant damage. We evaluated MNPs loaded with the reactive oxygen species scavenger edaravone, currently used to treat stroke and ALS. We found a marked and significant therapeutic benefit with edaravone-loaded MNPs, including improved renal function, which we demonstrated was likely due to a decrease in tubular epithelial cell damage and death imparted by the specific delivery of edaravone. The results suggest that renal-selective edaravone delivery holds potential for the prevention of acute kidney injury among patients undergoing cisplatin-based chemotherapy. 

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3. Failure-Aware Kidney Exchange

   https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2018.3026  

   Dickerson, John P.; Procaccia, Ariel D.; Sandholm, Tuomas (July 2018, Management Science)
4. Failure-Aware Kidney Exchange

   Dickerson, John P.; Procaccia, Ariel D.; Sandholm, Tuomas (January 2019, Management science)
5. Market Failure in Kidney Exchange

   https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20180771  

   Agarwal, Nikhil; Ashlagi, Itai; Azevedo, Eduardo; Featherstone, Clayton R.; Karaduman, Ömer (November 2019, American Economic Review)

   We show that kidney exchange markets suffer from market failures whose remedy could increase transplants by 30 to 63 percent. First, we document that the market is fragmented and inefficient; most transplants are arranged by hospitals instead of national platforms. Second, we propose a model to show two sources of inefficiency: hospitals only partly internalize their patients’ benefits from exchange, and current platforms suboptimally reward hospitals for submitting patients and donors. Third, we calibrate a production function and show that individual hospitals operate below efficient scale. Eliminating this inefficiency requires either a mandate or a combination of new mechanisms and reimbursement reforms. (JEL D24, D47, I11) 

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