Ruddleson–Popper (RP) perovskites have emerged as a class of material inheriting the superior optoelectronic properties of two materials: perovskites and 2D materials. The large exciton binding energy and natural quantum well structure not only make these materials ideal platforms to study light–matter interactions but also render them suitable for fabrication of various functional optoelectronic devices. Nanoscale structuring and morphology control have led to semiconductors with enhanced functionalities. Nanowires of semiconducting materials are extensively used for important applications like lasing and sensing. However, catalyst and template‐free scalable growth of nanowires of 2D perovskites has remained elusive. In this paper, a facile approach for morphology‐controlled growth of nanowires of 2D perovskite, (BA)2PbI4, is demonstrated. Additionally, it is shown that the photoluminescence (PL) from the nanowires is highly polarized with a polarization ratio as large as ≈0.73, which is one of the largest reported for perovskites. It is further shown that the photocurrent from the hybrid nanowire/graphene device is also sensitive to the polarization of the incident light with the photocurrent anisotropy ratio of ≈3.62 (much larger than the previously reported value of 2.68 for perovskites), thus demonstrating the potential of these nanowires as highly efficient photodetectors for polarized light.
Despite recent rapid advances in metal halide perovskites for use in optoelectronics, the fundamental understanding of the electrical‐poling‐induced ion migration, accounting for many unusual attributes and thus performance in perovskite‐based devices, remain comparatively elusive. Herein, the electrical‐poling‐promoted polarization potential is reported for rendering hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite photodetectors with high photocurrent and fast response time, displaying a tenfold enhancement in the photocurrent and a twofold decrease in the response time after an external electric field poling. First, a robust meniscus‐assisted solution‐printing strategy is employed to facilitate the oriented perovskite crystals over a large area. Subsequently, the electrical poling invokes the ion migration within perovskite crystals, thus inducing a polarization potential, as substantiated by the surface potential change assessed by Kelvin probe force microscopy. Such electrical‐poling‐induced polarization potential is responsible for the markedly enhanced photocurrent and largely shortened response time. This work presents new insights into the electrical‐poling‐triggered ion migration and, in turn, polarization potential as well as into the implication of the latter for optoelectronic devices with greater performance. As such, the utilization of ion‐migration‐produced polarization potential may represent an important endeavor toward a wide range of high‐performance perovskite‐based photodetectors, solar cells, transistors, scintillators, etc.
more » « less- NSF-PAR ID:
- 10455640
- Publisher / Repository:
- Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Advanced Materials
- Volume:
- 32
- Issue:
- 47
- ISSN:
- 0935-9648
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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