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An important aspect of 5G networks is the development of Radio Access Network (RAN) slicing, a concept wherein the virtualized infrastructure of wireless networks is subdivided into slices (or enterprises), tailored to fulfill specific use-cases. A key focus in this context is the efficient radio resource allocation to meet various enterprises’ service-level agreements (SLAs). In this work, we introduce Helix: a channel-aware and SLAaware RAN slicing framework for massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) networks where resource allocation extends to incorporate the spatial dimension available through beamforming. Essentially, the same time-frequency resource block (RB) can be shared across multiple users through multiple antennas. Notably, certain enterprises, particularly those operating critical infrastructure, necessitate dedicated RB allocation, denoted as private networks, to ensure security. Conversely, some enterprises would allow resource sharing with others in the public network to maintain network performance while minimizing capital expenditure. Building upon this understanding, Helix comprises scheduling schemes under both scenarios: where different slices share the same set of RBs, and where they require exclusivity of allocated RBs. We validate the efficacy of our proposed schedulers through simulation by utilizing a channel data set collected from a real-world massive MIMO testbed. Our assessments demonstrate that resource sharing across slices using our approach can lead up to 60.9% reduction in RB usage compared to other approaches. Moreover, our proposed schedulers exhibit significantly enhanced operational efficiency, with significantly faster running time compared to exhaustive greedy approaches while meeting the stringent 5G sub-millisecond-level latency requirement.
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Industrial symbiosis potential and urban infrastructure capacity in Mysuru, India
Abstract If the material intensive enterprises in an urban area of several million people shared physical resources that might otherwise be wasted, what environmental and public benefits would result? This study develops an algorithm based on lifecycle assessment tools for determining a city’sindustrial symbiosis potential—that is, the sum of the wastes and byproducts from a city’s industrial enterprises that could reasonably serve as resource inputs to other local industrial processes. Rather than report, as do many previous papers, on private benefits to firms, this investigation focuses on public benefits to cities by converting the maximum quantity of resources recoverable by local enterprises into an estimate of the capacity of municipal infrastructure conserved in terms of landfill space and water demand. The results here test this novel approach for the district of Mysuru (Mysore), India. We find that the industrial symbiosis potential calculated based on analysis of the inputs and outputs of ∼1000 urban enterprises, translates into 84 000 tons of industrial waste, greater than 74 000 tons of CO2e, and 22 million liters per day of wastewater. The method introduced here demonstrates how industrial symbiosis links private production and public infrastructure to improve the resource efficiency of a city by creating an opportunity to extend the capacity of public infrastructure and generate public health co-benefits.
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- Award ID(s):
- 1706097
- PAR ID:
- 10305793
- Publisher / Repository:
- IOP Publishing
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Environmental Research Letters
- Volume:
- 14
- Issue:
- 7
- ISSN:
- 1748-9326
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- Article No. 075003
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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