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Coastal dunes are globally recognized as natural features that can enhance coastal resilience and protection from wave events, storm surges, coastal flooding, and longer- term sea level rise. As a result, dune restoration is being increasingly used along urban and natural coasts as an adaptation option for climate change. However, information on the performance of restored dunes in response to extreme events is limited. On urban beaches where management includes grooming, dunes are often degraded or absent, leaving coastal communities more vulnerable to flooding and erosion during storms and wave events. Following an extreme wave surge event in December 2023, we compared the performance of a small (1.2 hectare) pilot dune restoration on an intensively groomed urban beach in southern California to an adjacent mechanically groomed control site. We used total water level (wave setup, tide, wave runup) as a proxy for flooding potential. The average wave runup incursion distance was extended 13.6 m farther inland on the groomed control site compared to the dune restoration site. This result demonstrates the potential for restored dunes to enhance flood protection and the potential for increasing coastal resilience using nature-based solutions on urban beaches.
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Engineered coastal berm-dune renourishment in New Jersey: can coastal communities continue to hold the line?
Following the significant coastal changes caused by Hurricane Sandy in 2012, engineered berm-dunes were constructed along the New Jersey coastline to enhance protection from future storms. Following construction, property values on Long Beach Island, NJ, increased in three beachfront communities. The projects were financed entirely through federal disaster assistance, but the percentage of future maintenance costs must be covered by local communities. Whether communities are willing or capable of financially contributing to maintenance remains unclear because (i) some homeowners prefer ocean views over the protection afforded by the berm-dune structures, and (ii) stakeholder risk perceptions can change over time. To investigate the relationships between berm-dune geometries, values of coastal protection, and ocean view values, we developed a geo-economic model of the natural and anthropogenic processes that shape beach and dune morphology. The model results suggest that coastal communities may exhibit significant differences in their capabilities to maintain engineered dunes depending on stakeholder wealth and risk perception. In particular, communities with strong preferences for ocean views are less likely to maintain large-scale berm-dune structures over the long term. If these structures are abandoned, the vulnerability of the coast to future storms will increase.
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- Award ID(s):
- 1518503
- PAR ID:
- 10309872
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Anthropocene Coasts
- Volume:
- 4
- Issue:
- 1
- ISSN:
- 2561-4150
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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- Free Publicly Accessible Full Text
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Accepted Manuscript1.0
- Journal Article:
- https://doi.org/10.1139/anc-2020-0024
