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1. North Temperate Lakes LTER: Fish Abundance 1981 - current

   https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/ce6129fe4a58ade1fc717d301e7ef9fb  

   Magnuson, John J; Carpenter, Stephen R; Stanley, Emily H (January 2024, Environmental Data Initiative)

   This data set is a derived data set based on fish catch data. Data are collected annually to enable us to track the fish assemblages of eleven primary lakes (Allequash, Big Muskellunge, Crystal, Sparkling, Trout, bog lakes 27-02 [Crystal Bog] and 12-15 [Trout Bog], Mendota, Monona, Wingra and Fish). Sampling on Lakes Monona, Wingra, and Fish started in 1995; sampling on other lakes started in 1981. Sampling is done at six littoral zone sites per lake with seine, minnow or crayfish traps, and fyke nets; a boat-mounted electrofishing system samples three littoral transects. Vertically hung gill nets are used to obtain two pelagic samples per lake from the deepest point. A trammel net samples across the thermocline at two sites per lake. In the bog lakes only fyke nets and minnow traps are deployed. Parameters measured include species-level identification and lengths for all fish caught, and weight and scale samples from a subset. Derived data sets include species richness, catch per unit effort, and size distribution by species, lake, and year. Protocol used to generate data: Day seines were only used in 1981 and have been eliminated from this data set to make sampling effort across years comparable. Number caught for each species is summed over repetitions of a gear within a lake and over depth. For information on fish stocking by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources in LTER lakes in Dane and Vilas counties, see https://dnr.wi.gov/fisheriesmanagement/Public/Summary/Index. Beach seining was discontinued after 2019. The only sampling done in 2020 were a single gill-netting sample in Sparkling, Crystal, and Trout lakes. Sampling in Fish Lake was missed in 2021 due to significant lake level changes. Data from the two bogs is missing in 2022. Sampling Frequency: annually. Number of sites: 11 

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2. North Temperate Lakes LTER: Crayfish Abundance 1981 - current

   https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/c76037f8afe780a8239f541d9d8b8f39  

   Magnuson, John J; Carpenter, Stephen R; Stanley, Emily H (January 2024, Environmental Data Initiative)

   Crayfish data include crayfish catch in cylindrical minnow traps baited with beef liver and the occasional occurrence in other gear used to sample fish. Traps are now placed at fyke net locations in three study lakes (Big Muskellunge, Sparkling, and Trout), but historical data exists in nine study lakes (Allequash, Big Muskellunge, Crystal, Sparkling, Trout, Mendota, Monona, Wingra and Fish). Individuals are identified to species and counted. In Trout and Sparkling Lake more detailed surveys have been conducted during the summer on an ad hoc basis to track distribution and abundance of the invading species Orconectes rusticus. In Sparkling lake, Rusty Crayfish (Orconectes rusticus) was removed from 2001 to 2008. (Hein et al, https://doi.org/10.1139/f05-229). Additional data sets consist of pre-LTER sets (initiated in late June 1972) gathered by Capelli (Ph.D. dissertation) and Lorman (Ph.D. dissertation). Most of pre-LTER data is detailed distribution in Trout Lake, and community composition in other area lakes. Note that 2020 data does not exist due to insufficient sampling, and beach seining was discontinued after the 2019 season. Sampling Frequency: annually. Number of sites: 3 

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3. North Temperate Lakes LTER: Pelagic Macroinvertebrate Abundance 1983 - current

   https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/87e5c3da5487265bbeb5b62524f5759e  

   Magnuson, John J; Carpenter, Stephen R; Stanley, Emily H (January 2023, Environmental Data Initiative)

   Pelagic macroinvertebrates are collected at night from the deepest location of each of the seven primary lakes in the Trout Lake area (Allequash, Big Muskellunge, Crystal, Sparkling, and Trout lakes and bog lakes 27-02 [Crystal Bog], and 12-15 [Trout Bog]) by vertical tow with a 1-m diameter, 1-mm mesh net. On Trout Lake four additional sites are sampled, where depths are approximately 10m, 15m, 20m, and 25m. Sampling is once per year in the summer, with replicate tows collected on each lake. These tows target the large invertebrate planktivore component of the pelagic zooplankton community. This data set contains the number of individuals in each tow sample of four taxonomic groups: Chaoborus spp. (differentiating between larvae and pupae), Leptodora kindtii, Mysis relicta, and Bythotrephes longimanus. Trout Lake was the only lake sampled in 2020. Sampling Frequency: annually. Number of sites: 11 

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4. Biomass distribution of fishes and mussels mediates spatial and temporal heterogeneity in nutrient cycling in streams

   https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-018-4277-1  

   Hopper, Garrett W.; Gido, Keith B.; Vaughn, Caryn C.; Parr, Thomas B.; Popejoy, Traci G.; Atkinson, Carla L.; Gates, Kiza K. (December 2018, Oecologia)
5. North Temperate Lakes LTER: Phytoplankton - Madison Lakes Area 1995 - current

   https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/bd03330e83fc52a5442bb39e131c95e9  

   Magnuson, John J.; Carpenter, Stephen R.; Stanley, Emily H. (January 2022, Environmental Data Initiative)

   Phytoplankton samples for the 4 southern Wisconsin LTER lakes (Mendota, Monona, Wingra, Fish) have been collected for analysis by LTER since 1995 (1996 Wingra, Fish) when the southern Wisconsin lakes were added to the North Temperate Lakes LTER project. Samples are collected as a composite whole-water sample and are preserved in gluteraldehyde. Composite sample depths are 0-8 meters for Lake Mendota (to conform to samples collected and analyzed since 1990 for a UW/DNR food web research study), and 0-2 meters for the other three lakes. A tube sampler is used for the 0-8 m Lake Mendota samples; samples for the other lakes are obtained by collecting water at 1-meter intervals using a Kemmerer water sampler and compositing the samples in a bucket. Samples are taken in the deep hole region of each lake at the same time and location as other limnological sampling. Phytoplankton samples are analyzed by PhycoTech, Inc., a private lab specializing in phytoplankton analyses (see data protocol for procedures). Samples for Wingra and Fish lakes are archived but not routinely counted. Permanent slide mounts (3 per sample) are prepared for all analyzed Mendota and Monona samples as well as 6 samples per year for Wingra and Fish; the slide mounts are archived at the University of Wisconsin - Madison Zoology Museum. Phytoplankton are identified to species using an inverted microscope (Utermohl technique) and are reported as natural unit (i.e., colonies, filaments, or single cells) densities per mL, cell densities per mL, and algal biovolume densities per mL. Multiple entries for the same species on the same date may be due to different variants or vegetative states - (e.g., colonial or attached vs. free cell.) Biovolumes for individual cells of each species are determined during the counting procedure by obtaining cell measurements needed to calculate volumes for geometric solids (e.g., cylinders, spheres, truncated cones) corresponding to actual cell shapes. Biovolume concentrations are then computed by mulitplying the average cell biovolume by the cell densities in the water sample. Note that one million cubicMicrometers of biovolume PerMilliliter of water are equal to a biovolume concentration of one cubicMillimeterPerMilliliter. Assuming a cell density equal to water, a cubicMillimeterPerMilliliter of biovolume converts to a biomass concentration of one milligramPerLiter. Sampling Frequency: bi-weekly during ice-free season from late March or early April through early September, then every 4 weeks through late November; sampling is conducted usually once during the winter (depending on ice conditions). Number of sites: 4 Several taxonomic updates have been made to this dataset February 2013, see methods for details. 

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