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1. Shade affects fine-root morphology in range-encroaching eastern redcedars (Juniperus virginiana) more than competition, soil fertility and pH

   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedobi.2021.150708  

   Ward, David ( February 2021 , Pedobiologia)

   null (Ed.)
2. Performance of tropical forest seedlings under shade and drought: an interspecific trade-off in demographic responses

   https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-55256-x  

   Kupers, Stefan J. ; Wirth, Christian ; Engelbrecht, Bettina M. ; Hernández, Andrés ; Condit, Richard ; Wright, S. Joseph ; Rüger, Nadja ( December 2019 , Scientific Reports)
3. No evidence of predicted phenotypic changes after hurricane disturbance in a shade-specialist Caribbean anole

   https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2022.0152  

   Acevedo, Miguel A. ; Clark, David ; Fankhauser, Carly ; Toohey, John Michael ( August 2022 , Biology Letters)

   Extreme climatic events (ECEs) such as hurricanes have been hypothesized to be a major driving force of natural selection. Recent studies argue that, following strong hurricane disturbance, Anolis lizards in the Caribbean undergo selection for traits such as longer forelimbs or smaller body sizes that improve their clinging ability to their substrates increasing their chances of surviving hurricane wind gusts. Some authors challenge the generalization of this hypothesis arguing that other mechanisms may explain these phenotypic changes or that they may not necessarily be generalizable across systems. To address this issue, we compared body size and relative forelimb length of Anolis gundlachi , a trunk–ground anole living in closed-canopy forests in Puerto Rico, before, four months after, and 15 months after Hurricanes Irma and Maria in 2017. Overall, our results show no clear evidence of a temporal decrease in body size or increase forelimb length (relative to body size) challenging the generalizability of the clinging ability hypothesis. Understanding how animals adapt to ECE is an emerging field. Still, we are quickly learning that this process is complex and nuanced. 

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4. Thermal insulation versus capacitance: A simulation experiment comparing effects of shade and hyporheic exchange on daily and seasonal stream temperature cycles

   https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14973  

   Fogg, S. Kathleen ; Reinhold, Ann Marie ; O'Daniel, Scott J. ; Hyman, Amanda A. ; Poole, Geoffrey C. ( September 2023 , Hydrological Processes)

   In streams where water temperatures stress native biota, management of riparian shade or hyporheic exchange are both considered viable management strategies for reducing the peaks of daily and seasonal stream channel temperature cycles. Although shade and hyporheic exchange may have similar effects on stream temperatures, their mechanisms differ. Improved understanding of the heat‐exchange mechanisms influenced by shade and hyporheic exchange will aid in the appropriate application of either stream temperature management strategy. To illustrate a conceptual model highlighting shade as ‘thermal insulation’ and hyporheic exchange imparting ‘thermal capacitance’ to a stream reach, we conducted an in‐silico simulation modelling experiment increasing shade or hyporheic exchange parameters on an idealized, hypothetical stream. We assessed the potential effects of increasing shade or hyporheic exchange on a stream reach using an established process‐based heat‐energy budget model of stream‐atmosphere heat exchange and incorporated an advection‐driven hyporheic heat exchange routine. The model tracked heat transport through the hyporheic zone and exchange with the stream channel, while including the effects of hyporheic water age distribution on upwelling hyporheic temperatures. Results showed that shade and hyporheic exchange similarly damped diurnal temperature cycles and differentially altered seasonal cycles of our theoretical stream. In winter, hyporheic exchange warmed simulated channel temperatures whereas shade had little effect. In summer, both shade and hyporheic exchange cooled channel temperatures, though the effects of shade were more pronounced. Our simple‐to‐grasp analogies of ‘thermal insulation’ for shade effects and ‘thermal capacitance’ for hyporheic exchange effects on stream temperature encourage more accurate conceptualization of complex, dynamic heat exchange processes among the atmosphere, stream channel, and alluvial aquifer.

    

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5. Woody species grown under sun and shade present similar stomatal speed

   https://doi.org/10.1007/s40626-023-00283-3  

   Freitas, Rafael S. ; Oliveira, Leonardo A. ; McAdam, Scott A. ; Lawson, Tracy ; DaMatta, Fábio M. ; Cardoso, Amanda A. ( September 2023 , Theoretical and Experimental Plant Physiology)