At a large Hispanic-Serving Institution in the southwestern United States, physics was integrated into an algebra content course for preservice teachers. Due to the pandemic, content was asynchronously taught during the fall 2020 semester. During the fall 2021 semester, content was taught in both hybrid and face-to-face format. This research question was: Regarding preservice teachers’ leaning and academic experiences, what were the differences between perceptions of preservice teachers’ learning on the subject of physics-based algebra in an asynchronous format compared to a hybrid or face-to-face format? Data were gathered from both preservice teachers and their instructors. Data from preservice teachers showed that the in-person and hybrid instruction cohort saw a significant change in Personal Mathematics Teaching Efficacy from pre- to post-test when testing at the .05 level, whereas this was not the case for the online instruction cohort. There was no statistical difference in the post Personal Mathematics Teaching Efficacy and post Mathematics Teaching Outcome Expectancy scores between the face-to-face and hybrid preservice teachers and the asynchronous preservice teachers. Their instructors felt that experiences were more fruitful in a face to face format.
more »
« less
Comparison of Student Outcomes and Evaluations in Hybrid Versus Face-to-Face Anatomy and Physiology I Courses
In this study, two sections of undergraduate Introductory Anatomy and
Physiology taught in the traditional face-to-face format (n = 58) was compared to two hybrid classes (n = 38) using the flipped-classroom model
taught by the same instructor. Formative and summative examination scores
were compared to determine the effect of the different learning methods. Our
results revealed no significant difference between the mean scores of summative examinations and between the traditional and hybrid classes (p > 0.05).
Of five quizzes administered, students taught in the traditional format scored
significantly higher in only one of five quizzes. In addition, comparison of
in-class laboratory examination scores showed no difference (P > 0.05) in
three out of four. However, student evaluations of the hybrid classes were
more positive as determined by end-of-course evaluations (4.54 versus 2.9
on a 1–5 Likert scale). This is the first study that compares a hybrid versus
a traditional science course at a historically black college or university. We
conclude that comparison of student outcomes in traditional versus hybrid
Anatomy and Physiology I classes were similar. At a time when all institutions of higher learning have adopted online learning and distance learning
due to the COVID-19 pandemic, this is a timely comparison
more »
« less
- Award ID(s):
- 1900966
- NSF-PAR ID:
- 10326212
- Editor(s):
- Dr David Wojnowski
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Journal of college science teaching
- Volume:
- Vol. 51
- Issue:
- 1
- ISSN:
- 0047-231X
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 58-66
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
More Like this
-
-
There has been growing evidence that flipped teaching (FT) can increase student engagement. Traditional lecture-based teaching (TT) method was compared with FT and FT combined with retrieval practice (FTR) in a 400-level Exercise Physiology course over eight semesters. In the FT format, lecture content was assigned for students to prepare before class along with an online quiz. During class, the assigned content and quiz questions were reviewed, and a team-based learning (TBL) activity was conducted. Students found FT implementation three times a week (FT3) to be overwhelming, which led to reconfiguration of the FT design to minimize the quiz and TBL sessions to one per week. Subsequently, FT was combined with retrieval exercises (FTR), which involved recalling information, thus promoting retention. The students in the FTR format were given weekly quizzes in class, where no notes were allowed, which affected their quiz grade negatively compared with FT ( P < 0.0001). Again, no resources were permitted during FTR’s TBL sessions. When exam scores were compared with TT, student performance was significantly greater ( P < 0.001) with the FT and FTR methods, suggesting these methods are superior to TT. While both male and female students benefited from FT and FTR methods compared with TT ( P = 0.0008), male students benefited the most (( P = 0.0001). Similarly, when the exam scores were organized into upper and lower halves, both groups benefited from FT and FTR ( P < 0.0001) approaches. In conclusion, both FT and FTR methods benefit students more compared with TT, and male students are impacted the most.more » « less
-
Community colleges provide an important pathway for many prospective engineering graduates, especially those from traditionally underrepresented groups. However, due to a lack of facilities, resources, student demand and/or local faculty expertise, the breadth and frequency of engineering course offerings is severely restricted at many community colleges. This in turn presents challenges for students trying to maximize their transfer eligibility and preparedness. Through a grant from the National Science Foundation Improving Undergraduate STEM Education program (NSF IUSE), three community colleges from Northern California collaborated to increase the availability and accessibility of a comprehensive lower-division engineering curriculum, even at small-to-medium sized community colleges. This was accomplished by developing resources and teaching strategies that could be employed in a variety of delivery formats (e.g., fully online, online/hybrid, flipped face-to-face, etc.), providing flexibility for local community colleges to leverage according to their individual needs. This paper focuses on the iterative development, testing, and refining of the resources for an introductory Materials Science course with 3-unit lecture and 1-unit laboratory components. This course is required as part of recently adopted statewide model associate degree curricula for transfer into Civil, Mechanical, Aerospace, and Manufacturing engineering bachelor’s degree programs at California State Universities. However, offering such a course is particularly challenging for many community colleges, because of a lack of adequate expertise and/or laboratory facilities and equipment. Consequently, course resources were developed to help mitigate these challenges by streamlining preparation for instructors new to teaching the course, as well as minimizing the face-to-face use of traditional materials testing equipment in the laboratory portion of the course. These same resources can be used to support online hybrid and other alternative (e.g., emporium) delivery approaches. After initial pilot implementation of the course during the Spring 2015 semester by the curriculum designer in a flipped student-centered format, these same resources were then implemented by an instructor who had never previously taught the course, at a different community college that did not have its own materials laboratory facilities. A single site visit was arranged with a nearby community college to afford students an opportunity to complete certain lab activities using traditional materials testing equipment. Lessons learned during this attempt were used to inform curriculum revisions, which were evaluated in a repeat offering the following year. In all implementations of the course, student surveys and interviews were used to determine students’ perceptions of the effectiveness of the course resources, student use of these resources, and overall satisfaction with the course. Additionally, student performance on objective assessments was compared with that of traditional lecture delivery of the course by the curriculum designer in prior years. During initial implementations of the course, results from these surveys and assessments revealed low levels of student satisfaction with certain aspects of the flipped approach and course resources, as well as reduced learning among students at the alternate institution. Subsequent modifications to the curriculum and delivery approach were successful in addressing most of these deficiencies.more » « less
-
Introduction: Inquiry-based learning is vital to the engineering design process, and most crucially in the laboratory and hands-on settings. Through the model of inquiry-based design, student teams are able to formulate critical inputs to the design process and develop a stronger and more relevant understanding of theoretical principles and their applications. In the junior-level Biotransport laboratory course at Purdue University’s Weldon School of BME, the curriculum utilizes the engineering design process to guide students through three (3) different modules covering different Biotransport phenomena (diffusivity, mass transport, and heat transfer). Students are required to research, conceptualize, and generate hypotheses around a module prompt. Students design, execute, and analyze their own experimental setups to test the hypotheses within an autodidactic peer-learning structure. Methods: A multi-year study was completed spanning from 2014 to 2016, assessing students’ end of course evaluations. With an integration of the flipped lecture into the lab being first implemented in 2015 (prior to 2015, the flipped lecture was a stand-alone course offered outside of the lab sections), the data presented here offers a comparison of student evaluations between these two course structures. Per the student response rates, the sample size for each year was: n=81 (2016); n=60 (2015); n=48 (2014). The surveys were anonymous and a host of questions related to overall course satisfaction, structure, and content were posed. Results: Analysis of the data showed a consistent increase in overall student satisfaction with the course following the implementation of the new structure. The percent of students giving a satisfactory rating or higher for the 2014, 2015 and 2016 course offerings was 79%, 89%, 92%, respectively. This shows a significant difference between 2014 and 2016. Conclusion: The integration of a flipped lecture into the lab successfully improved student satisfaction and self-perceived understanding of course material. This format also improved the delivery of content to students as assessed by maintaining pertinence to the lab topics and clear understanding of learning concepts.more » « less
-
Davida Smyth (Ed.)more » « less
The gut microbiome and its physiological impacts on human and animal health is an area of research emphasis. Microbes themselves are invisible and may therefore be abstract and challenging to understand. It is therefore important to infuse this topic into undergraduate curricula, including Anatomy and Physiology courses, ideally through an active learning approach. To accomplish this, we developed a novel tactile teaching tool with guided-inquiry (TTT-GI) activity where students explored how the gut microbiome ferments carbohydrates to produce short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). This activity was implemented in two sections of a large-enrollment Human Anatomy and Physiology course at a research intensive (R1) university in the Spring of 2022 that was taught using a hyflex format. Students who attended class in person used commonly available building toys to assemble representative carbohydrates of varying structural complexity, whereas students who attended class virtually made these carbohydrate structures using a digital learning tool. Students then predicted how microbes within the gut would ferment different carbohydrates into SCFAs, as well as the physiological implications of the SCFAs. We assessed this activity to address three research questions, with 182 students comprising our sample. First, we evaluated if the activity learning objectives were achieved through implementation of a pre-and post-assessment schema. Our results revealed that all three learning objectives of this activity were attained. Next, we evaluated if the format in which this TTT-GI activity was implemented impacted student learning. While we found minimal and nonsignificant differences in student learning between those who attended in-person and those who attended remotely, we did find significant differences between the two course sections, which differed in length and spacing of the activity. Finally, we evaluated if this TTT-GI approach was impactful for diverse students. We observed modest and nonsignificant positive learning gains for some populations of students traditionally underrepresented in STEM (first-generation students and students with one or more disabilities). That said, we found that the greatest learning gains associated with this TTT-GI activity were observed in students who had taken previous upper-level biology coursework.
- Free Publicly Accessible Full Text
-
Accepted Manuscript1.0
- Journal Article:
- The DOI is not currently available.
