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Abstract Composites are being increasingly used in various industries due to their lower cost and superior mechanical properties over traditional materials. They are nevertheless vulnerable to various defects during manufacturing or usage which can cause failure of critical engineering structures. Hence, there is a growing need for nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of composites to detect such defective structures and avoid significant loss and damages. Microwave NDE has several advantages over other existing NDE techniques for detecting defects or faults in non-conducting composites or dielectrics. One of the primary benefits of microwaves are large probe-standoff distances which allow for rapid scan times. However, the resolution of such far-field microwave sensors are diffraction limited. Metamaterials-based lens, also known as ‘superlens’, can achieve resolution beyond the diffraction limits by virtue of its unique electromagnetic (EM) properties. This contribution focuses on the physical design of a metamaterial lens. The theory underlying the design of a metamaterial lens is presented followed by simulation and experimental results. The paper also investigates the feasibility of using the metamaterial lens for improving the resolution on microwave imaging in NDE of composites.
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Negative Index Metamaterial Lens for Subwavelength Microwave Detection
Metamaterials are engineered periodic structures designed to have unique properties not encountered in naturally occurring materials. One such unusual property of metamaterials is the ability to exhibit negative refractive index over a prescribed range of frequencies. A lens made of negative refractive index metamaterials can achieve resolution beyond the diffraction limit. This paper presents the design of a metamaterial lens and its use in far-field microwave imaging for subwavelength defect detection in nondestructive evaluation (NDE). Theoretical formulation and numerical studies of the metamaterial lens design are presented followed by experimental demonstration and characterization of metamaterial behavior. Finally, a microwave homodyne receiver-based system is used in conjunction with the metamaterial lens to develop a far-field microwave NDE sensor system. A subwavelength focal spot of size 0.82λ was obtained. The system is shown to be sensitive to a defect of size 0.17λ × 0.06λ in a Teflon sample. Consecutive positions of the defect with a separation of 0.23λ was resolvable using the proposed system.
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- Award ID(s):
- 1762331
- PAR ID:
- 10333856
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Sensors
- Volume:
- 21
- Issue:
- 14
- ISSN:
- 1424-8220
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 4782
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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- Free Publicly Accessible Full Text
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Accepted Manuscript1.0
- Journal Article:
- https://doi.org/10.3390/s21144782
