More Like this

1. Attention to brand labels affects, and is affected by, evaluations of product attractiveness

   https://doi.org/10.3389/frbhe.2023.1274815  

   Yang, Xiaozhi; Retzler, Chris; Krajbich, Ian; Ratcliff, Roger; Philiastides, Marios G (January 2024, Frontiers in Behavioral Economics)

   When considering whether to purchase consumer products, people consider both the items' attractiveness and their brand labels. Brands may affect the decision process through various mechanisms. For example, brand labels may provide direct support for their paired products, or they may indirectly affect choice outcomes by changing the way that people evaluate and compare their options. To examine these possibilities, we combined computational modeling with an eye-tracking experiment in which subjects made clothing choices with brand labels either present or absent. Subjects' choices were consistent with both the attractiveness of the clothing items and, to a smaller extent, the appeal of the brands. In line with the direct support mechanism, subjects who spent more time looking at the brands were more likely to choose the options with the preferred brands. When a clothing item was more attractive, subjects were more likely to look longer at the associated brand label, but not vice versa. In line with indirect mechanisms, in the presence of brand labels subjects exerted more caution and showed marginally less attentional bias in their choices. This research sheds light on the interplay between gaze and choice in decisions involving brand information, indicating that brands have both direct and indirect influences on choice. 

   more » « less
2. A Real Bottleneck Scenario with a Wizard of Oz Automated Vehicle - Role of eHMIs

   https://doi.org/10.1145/3580585.3607173  

   Şahin_Ippoliti, Hatice; Daudrich, Angelique; Dey, Debargha; Wintersberger, Philipp; Sadeghian, Shadan; Boll, Susanne (September 2023, ACM)

   Automated vehicles (AVs) are expected to encounter various am- biguous space-sharing conflicts in urban traffic. Bottleneck sce- narios, where one of the parts needs to resolve the conflict by yielding priority to the other, could be utilized as a representative ambiguous scenario to understand human behavior in experimental settings. We conducted a controlled field experiment with a Wizard of Oz automated car in a bottleneck scenario. 24 participants at- tended the study by driving their own cars. They made yielding, or priority-taking decisions based on implicit and explicit locomotion cues on AV realized with an external display. Results indicate that acceleration and deceleration cues affected participants’ driving choices and their perception regarding the social behavior of AV, which further serve as ecological validation of related simulation studies. 

   more » « less
3. FOOLING MYSELF OR FOOLING OBSERVERS? AVOIDING SOCIAL PRESSURES BY MANIPULATING PERCEPTIONS OF DESERVINGNESS OF OTHERS

   https://doi.org/10.1111/ecin.12777  

   Andreoni, James; Sanchez, Alison (April 2019, Economic Inquiry)

   We present a novel experiment demonstrating strategies selfish individuals utilize to avoid social pressure to be altruistic. Subjects participate in a trust game, after which they have an opportunity to state their beliefs about their opponent's actions. Subsequently, subjects participate in a task designed to “reveal” their true beliefs. Subjects who initially made selfish choices falsely state their beliefs about their opponent's kindness. Their “revealed” beliefs were significantly more accurate, which exposed subjects' knowledge that their selfishness was unjustifiable by their opponent's behavior. The initial false statements complied with social norms, suggesting subjects' attempts to project a more favorable social image. (JELC9, D03, D83) 

   more » « less
4. Influencing Photo Sharing Decisions on Social Media: A Case of Paradoxical Findings

   https://doi.org/10.1109/SP40000.2020.00006  

   Amon, Mary Jean; Hasan, Rakibul; Hugenberg, Kurt; Bertenthal, Bennett I.; Kapadia, Apu (May 2020, Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Security & Privacy (IEEE S&P/Oakland '20))

   We investigate the effects of perspective taking, privacy cues, and portrayal of photo subjects (i.e., photo valence) on decisions to share photos of people via social media. In an online experiment we queried 379 participants about 98 photos (that were previously rated for photo valence) in three conditions: (1) Baseline: participants judged their likelihood of sharing each photo; (2) Perspective-taking: participants judged their likelihood of sharing each photo when cued to imagine they are the person in the photo; and (3) Privacy: participants judged their likelihood to share after being cued to consider the privacy of the person in the photo. While participants across conditions indicated a lower likelihood of sharing photos that portrayed people negatively, they – surprisingly – reported a higher likelihood of sharing photos when primed to consider the privacy of the person in the photo. Frequent photo sharers on real-world social media platforms and people without strong personal privacy preferences were especially likely to want to share photos in the experiment, regardless of how the photo portrayed the subject. A follow-up study with 100 participants explaining their responses revealed that the Privacy condition led to a lack of concern with others’ privacy. These findings suggest that developing interventions for reducing photo sharing and protecting the privacy of others is a multivariate problem in which seemingly obvious solutions can sometimes go awry. 

   more » « less
5. Paths Explored, Paths Omitted, Paths Obscured: Decision Points & Selective Reporting in End-to-End Data Analysis

   https://doi.org/10.1145/3313831.3376533  

   Liu, Tang; Althoff, Tim; Heer, Jeffrey (April 2020, Human factors in computing systems)

   Drawing reliable inferences from data involves many, sometimes arbitrary, decisions across phases of data collection, wrangling, and modeling. As different choices can lead to diverging conclusions, understanding how researchers make analytic decisions is important for supporting robust and replicable analysis. In this study, we pore over nine published research studies and conduct semi-structured interviews with their authors. We observe that researchers often base their decisions on methodological or theoretical concerns, but subject to constraints arising from the data, expertise, or perceived interpretability. We confirm that researchers may experiment with choices in search of desirable results, but also identify other reasons why researchers explore alternatives yet omit findings. In concert with our interviews, we also contribute visualizations for communicating decision processes throughout an analysis. Based on our results, we identify design opportunities for strengthening end-to-end analysis, for instance via tracking and meta-analysis of multiple decision paths. 

   more » « less