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1. Verifying IO Synchronization from MPI Traces.

   Yellapragada, S; Wang, C.; Snir, M. (October 2021, Proceedings of the Sixth International Parallel Data Systems Workshop (PDSW)
2. Mass Supply from Io to Jupiter’s Magnetosphere

   https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-025-01137-x  

   Roth, Lorenz; Blöcker, Aljona; de_Kleer, Katherine; Goldstein, David; Lellouch, Emmanuel; Saur, Joachim; Schmidt, Carl; Strobel, Darrell_F; Tao, Chihiro; Tsuchiya, Fuminori; et al (February 2025, Space Science Reviews)

   Abstract Since the Voyager mission flybys in 1979, we have known the moon Io to be both volcanically active and the main source of plasma in the vast magnetosphere of Jupiter. Material lost from Io forms neutral clouds, the Io plasma torus and ultimately the extended plasma sheet. This material is supplied from Io’s upper atmosphere and atmospheric loss is likely driven by plasma-interaction effects with possible contributions from thermal escape and photochemistry-driven escape. Direct volcanic escape is negligible. The supply of material to maintain the plasma torus has been estimated from various methods at roughly one ton per second. Most of the time the magnetospheric plasma environment of Io is stable on timescales from days to months. Similarly, Io’s atmosphere was found to have a stable average density on the dayside, although it exhibits lateral (longitudinal and latitudinal) and temporal (both diurnal and seasonal) variations. There is a potential positive feedback in the Io torus supply: collisions of torus plasma with atmospheric neutrals are probably a significant loss process, which increases with torus density. The stability of the torus environment may be maintained by limiting mechanisms of either torus supply from Io or the loss from the torus by centrifugal interchange in the middle magnetosphere. Various observations suggest that occasionally (roughly 1 to 2 detections per decade) the plasma torus undergoes major transient changes over a period of several weeks, apparently overcoming possible stabilizing mechanisms. Such events (as well as more frequent minor changes) are commonly explained by some kind of change in volcanic activity that triggers a chain of reactions which modify the plasma torus state via a net change in supply of new mass. However, it remains unknown what kind of volcanic event (if any) can trigger events in torus and magnetosphere, whether Io’s atmosphere undergoes a general change before or during such events, and what processes could enable such a change in the otherwise stable torus. Alternative explanations, which are not invoking volcanic activity, have not been put forward. We review the current knowledge on Io’s volcanic activity, atmosphere, and the magnetospheric neutral and plasma environment and their roles in mass transfer from Io to the plasma torus and magnetosphere. We provide an overview of the recorded events of transient changes in the torus, address several contradictions and inconsistencies, and point out gaps in our current understanding. Lastly, we provide a list of relevant terms and their definitions. 

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3. IOCost: block IO control for containers in datacenters

   https://doi.org/10.1145/3503222.3507727  

   Heo, Tejun; Schatzberg, Dan; Newell, Andrew; Liu, Song; Dhakshinamurthy, Saravanan; Narayanan, Iyswarya; Bacik, Josef; Mason, Chris; Tang, Chunqiang; Skarlatos, Dimitrios (February 2022, Proceedings of the 27th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems)
4. Isotopic evidence of long-lived volcanism on Io

   https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adj0625  

   de_Kleer, Katherine; Hughes, Ery C; Nimmo, Francis; Eiler, John; Hofmann, Amy E; Luszcz-Cook, Statia; Mandt, Kathy (May 2024, Science)

   Jupiter’s moon Io hosts extensive volcanism, driven by tidal heating. The isotopic composition of Io’s inventory of volatile chemical elements, including sulfur and chlorine, reflects its outgassing and mass-loss history and thus records information about its evolution. We used submillimeter observations of Io’s atmosphere to measure sulfur isotopes in gaseous sulfur dioxide and sulfur monoxide, and chlorine isotopes in gaseous sodium chloride and potassium chloride. We find³⁴S/³²S = 0.0595 ± 0.0038 (equivalent to δ³⁴S = +347 ± 86‰), which is highly enriched compared to average Solar System values and indicates that Io has lost 94 to 99% of its available sulfur. Our measurement of³⁷Cl/³⁵Cl = 0.403 ± 0.028 (δ³⁷Cl = +263 ± 88‰) shows that chlorine is similarly enriched. These results indicate that Io has been volcanically active for most (or all) of its history, with potentially higher outgassing and mass-loss rates at earlier times. 

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5. Output Compression, MPC, and iO for Turing Machines

   https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34578-5_13  

   Badrinarayanan, S.; Fernando, R.; Koppula, Venkata; Sahai, Amit; Waters, Brent (November 2019, Advances in Cryptology ASIACRYPT 2019 - 25th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptology and Information Securit)

   In this work, we study the fascinating notion of output-compressing randomized encodings for Turing Machines, in a shared randomness model. In this model, the encoder and decoder have access to a shared random string, and the efficiency requirement is, the size of the encoding must be independent of the running time and output length of the Turing Machine on the given input, while the length of the shared random string is allowed to grow with the length of the output. We show how to construct output-compressing randomized encodings for Turing machines in the shared randomness model, assuming iO for circuits and any assumption in the set {LWE, DDH, N𝑡ℎ Residuosity}. We then show interesting implications of the above result to basic feasibility questions in the areas of secure multiparty computation (MPC) and indistinguishability obfuscation (iO): 1.Compact MPC for Turing Machines in the Random Oracle Model. In the context of MPC, we consider the following basic feasibility question: does there exist a malicious-secure MPC protocol for Turing Machines whose communication complexity is independent of the running time and output length of the Turing Machine when executed on the combined inputs of all parties? We call such a protocol as a compact MPC protocol. Hubácek and Wichs [HW15] showed via an incompressibility argument, that, even for the restricted setting of circuits, it is impossible to construct a malicious secure two party computation protocol in the plain model where the communication complexity is independent of the output length. In this work, we show how to evade this impossibility by compiling any (non-compact) MPC protocol in the plain model to a compact MPC protocol for Turing Machines in the Random Oracle Model, assuming output-compressing randomized encodings in the shared randomness model. 2. Succinct iO for Turing Machines in the Shared Randomness Model. In all existing constructions of iO for Turing Machines, the size of the obfuscated program grows with a bound on the input length. In this work, we show how to construct an iO scheme for Turing Machines in the shared randomness model where the size of the obfuscated program is independent of a bound on the input length, assuming iO for circuits and any assumption in the set {LWE, DDH, N𝑡ℎ Residuosity}. 

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