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Title: Metallicity Distribution Function of the Eridanus II Ultra-faint Dwarf Galaxy from Hubble Space Telescope Narrowband Imaging
Abstract

We use deep narrowband CaHK (F395N) imaging taken with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) to construct the metallicity distribution function (MDF) of Local Group ultra-faint dwarf galaxy EridanusII(EriII). When combined with archival F475W and F814W data, we measure metallicities for 60 resolved red giant branch stars as faint asmF475W∼ 24 mag, a factor of ∼4× more stars than current spectroscopic MDF determinations. We find that EriIIhas a mean metallicity of [Fe/H] = −2.500.07+0.07and a dispersion ofσ[Fe/H]=0.420.06+0.06, which are consistent with spectroscopic MDFs, though more precisely constrained owing to a larger sample. We identify a handful of extremely metal-poor star candidates (EMP; [Fe/H] < −3) that are marginally bright enough for spectroscopic follow-up. The MDF of EriIIappears well described by a leaky box chemical evolution model. We also compute an updated orbital history for EriIIusing Gaia eDR3 proper motions, and find that it is likely on first infall into the Milky Way. Our findings suggest that EriIIunderwent an evolutionary history similar to that of an isolated galaxy. Compared to MDFs for select cosmological simulations of similar mass galaxies, we find that EriIIhas a lower fraction of stars with [Fe/H] < −3, though such comparisons should currently be treated with caution due to a paucity of simulations, selection effects, and known limitations of CaHK for EMPs. This study demonstrates the power of deep HST CaHK imaging for measuring the MDFs of UFDs.

 
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Award ID(s):
1910346 1752913
NSF-PAR ID:
10361688
Author(s) / Creator(s):
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Publisher / Repository:
DOI PREFIX: 10.3847
Date Published:
Journal Name:
The Astrophysical Journal
Volume:
925
Issue:
1
ISSN:
0004-637X
Format(s):
Medium: X Size: Article No. 6
Size(s):
["Article No. 6"]
Sponsoring Org:
National Science Foundation
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