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Abstract Suzuki−Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions are used to modify the tyrosine residues onBombyx morisilkworm silk proteins using a water‐soluble palladium catalyst. First, model reactions using tyrosine derivatives are screened to determine optimal reaction conditions. For these reactions, a variety of aryl boronic acids, solvents, buffers, and temperature ranges are explored. Qualitative information on the reaction progress is collected via high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), mass spectrometry (MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Optimized reactions are then applied to silk proteins. It is demonstrated the ability to modify silk fibroin in solution by first iodinating the tyrosine residues on the protein, and then carrying out Suzuki‐Miyaura reactions with a variety of boronic acid derivatives. Modification of silk is confirmed with NMR, ion‐exchange chromatography (IEC), UV‐vis, and infrared spectroscopy (IR).
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Quantitative Functionalization of the Tyrosine Residues in Silk Fibroin through an Amino‐Tyrosine Intermediate
Abstract Here, a reaction sequence that can be used to quantitatively modify the tyrosine residues in silk protein fromB. morisilkworms is demonstrated. A primary amine is installed ortho to the hydroxyl group on the tyrosine ring using a diazonium coupling reaction followed by reduction of the azo bond. The resulting amine is then acylated using carboxylic acid or NHS‐ester derivatives at room temperature and neutral pH conditions. The silk derivatives are characterized using1H NMR, UV–vis spectroscopy, ATR‐FTIR, and a unique method to follow this reaction sequence using isotopically labeled reagents and 2D NMR spectroscopy is also used. This study further demonstrates that this sequence can be used to install alkyne or azide functional groups which can undergo further bio‐orthogonal cycloaddition reactions under mild conditions. Finally, methods to carry out these modifications on solid silk microparticles and electrospun mats are also described.
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- Award ID(s):
- 1807878
- PAR ID:
- 10370724
- Publisher / Repository:
- Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics
- Volume:
- 223
- Issue:
- 17
- ISSN:
- 1022-1352
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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