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1. The best of both worlds: high availability CDN routing without compromising control

   https://doi.org/10.1145/3517745.3561421  

   Zhu, Jiangchen ; Vermeulen, Kevin ; Cunha, Italo ; Katz-Bassett, Ethan ; Calder, Matt ( October 2022 , IMC '22: Proceedings of the 22nd ACM Internet Measurement Conference)
2. Unpretty Please: Ostensibly Polite Wakewords Discourage Politeness in both Robot-Directed and Human-Directed Communication

   https://doi.org/10.1145/3536221.3556615  

   Wen, Ruchen ; Barton, Brandon ; Fauré, Sebastian ; Williams, Tom ( November 2022 , International Conference on Multimodal Interaction)

   For enhanced performance and privacy, companies deploying voice-activated technologies such as virtual assistants and robots are increasingly tending toward designs in which technologies only begin attending to speech once a specified wakeword is heard. Due to concerns that interactions with such technologies could lead users, especially children, to develop impolite habits, some companies have begun to develop use modes in which interactants are required to use ostensibly polite wakewords such as " Please''. In this paper, we argue that these ``please-centering'' wakewords are likely to backfire and actually discourage polite interactions due to the particular types of lexical and syntactic priming induced by those wakewords. We then present the results of a human-subject experiment (n=90) that validates those claims. 

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3. How Useful is Delayed Feedback in AoI Minimization - A Study on Systems With Queues in Both Forward and Backward Directions

   https://doi.org/10.1109/ISIT50566.2022.9834697  

   Wang, Chih-Chun ( July 2022 , Proc. IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory)

   One canonical example of Age-Of-Information (AoI) minimization is the update-through-queues models. Existing results fall into two categories: The open-loop setting for which the sender is oblivious of the actual packet departure time, versus the closed-loop setting for which the decision is based on instantaneous Acknowledgement (ACK). Neither setting perfectly reflects modern networked systems, which almost always rely on feedback that experiences some delay. Motivated by this observation, this work subjects the ACK traffic to an independent queue so that the closed-loop decision is made based on delayed feedback. Near-optimal schedulers have been devised, which smoothly transition from the instantaneous-ACK to the open loop schemes depending on how long the feedback delay is. The results thus quantify the benefits of delayed feedback for AoI minimization in the update-through-queues systems. 

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4. Local adaptation of seed and seedling traits along a natural aridity gradient may both predict and constrain adaptive responses to climate change

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   Christie, Kyle ; Pierson, Natalie R. ; Lowry, David B. ; Holeski, Liza M. ( October 2022 , American Journal of Botany)
5. VPS45 is required for both diffuse and tip growth of Arabidopsis thaliana cells

   https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1120307  

   Mugume, Yosia ; Roy, Rahul ; Agbemafle, William ; Shepard, Gabriella N. ; Vue, Yee ; Bassham, Diane C. ( February 2023 , Frontiers in Plant Science)

   VPS45 belongs to the Sec1/Munc18 family of proteins, which interact with and regulate Qa-SNARE function during membrane fusion. We have shown previously thatArabidopsis thalianaVPS45 interacts with the SYP61/SYP41/VTI12 SNARE complex, which locates on thetrans-Golgi network (TGN). It is required for SYP41 stability, and it functions in cargo trafficking to the vacuole and in cell expansion. It is also required for correct auxin distribution during gravitropism and lateral root growth.

   Asvps45knockout mutation is lethal in Arabidopsis, we identified a mutant,vps45-3, with a point mutation in theVPS45gene causing a serine 284-to-phenylalanine substitution. The VPS45-3 protein is stable and maintains interaction with SYP61 and SYP41. However,vps45-3plants display severe growth defects with significantly reduced organ and cell size, similar tovps45RNAi transgenic lines that have reduced VPS45 protein levels. Root hair and pollen tube elongation, both processes of tip growth, are highly compromised invps45-3. Mutant root hairs are shorter and thicker than those of wild-type plants, and are wavy. These root hairs have vacuolar defects, containing many small vacuoles, compared with WT root hairs with a single large vacuole occupying much of the cell volume. Pollen tubes were also significantly shorter invps45-3compared to WT.

   We thus show that VPS45 is essential for proper tip growth and propose that the observed vacuolar defects lead to loss of the turgor pressure needed for tip growth.

    

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