Papuan snakes of the genus Aspidomorphus have long been taxonomically problematic, but nomenclature within this group has been stable at three recognized species since 1967. Previous genetic work suggested the presence of a number of cryptic but currently unrecognized candidate species in the genus. In 2004, I obtained a series of Aspidomorphus from Sudest Island, Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea that were clearly different from currently recognized species, and I describe that species here as A. dimorphus sp. nov. This species exhibits a striking bimodality in color pattern in adults, here termed the “orange morph” and “dark morph”. This dimorphism is not related to sex, and both forms have earlier been shown to be genetically identical. Description of A. dimorphus sp. nov. begins the process of bringing taxonomic clarity to a genus long held in the grip of nomenclatural stasis. It furthermore highlights again the importance of Sudest Island for biodiversity endemism.  
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                            A new species of New Guinea Worm-Eating Snake (Serpentes, Elapidae, Toxicocalamus Boulenger, 1896) from Western Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea
                        
                    
    
            We describe a new species of New Guinea Worm-Eating Snake (Elapidae: Toxicocalamus ) from a specimen in the reptile collection of the Papua New Guinea National Museum and Art Gallery. Toxicocalamus longhagen sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from other species of this genus by the presence of paired subcaudals, a preocular scale unfused from the prefrontal scale, a prefrontal distinct from the internasal scale that contacts the supralabials, a single large posterior temporal and two postocular scales. The new taxon is currently known only from one specimen, which was collected from Mt. Hagen Town in Western Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea in 1967. The new species was originally identified as T. loriae , but the unique head scalation and postfrontal bone morphology revealed through micro-computed tomography scanning easily distinguish the new species from T. loriae sensu stricto . This is the first species of this genus described from Western Highlands Province. 
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                            - Award ID(s):
- 1926783
- PAR ID:
- 10395616
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Zoosystematics and Evolution
- Volume:
- 98
- Issue:
- 2
- ISSN:
- 1435-1935
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 399 to 409
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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