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1. Reaction of Electrons with DNA: Radiation Damage to Radiosensitization

   https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20163998  

   Kumar, Anil; Becker, David; Adhikary, Amitava; Sevilla, Michael D. (August 2019, International Journal of Molecular Sciences)

   null (Ed.)

   This review article provides a concise overview of electron involvement in DNA radiation damage. The review begins with the various states of radiation-produced electrons: Secondary electrons (SE), low energy electrons (LEE), electrons at near zero kinetic energy in water (quasi-free electrons, (e−qf)) electrons in the process of solvation in water (presolvated electrons, e−pre), and fully solvated electrons (e−aq). A current summary of the structure of e−aq, and its reactions with DNA-model systems is presented. Theoretical works on reduction potentials of DNA-bases were found to be in agreement with experiments. This review points out the proposed role of LEE-induced frank DNA-strand breaks in ion-beam irradiated DNA. The final section presents radiation-produced electron-mediated site-specific formation of oxidative neutral aminyl radicals from azidonucleosides and the evidence of radiosensitization provided by these aminyl radicals in azidonucleoside-incorporated breast cancer cells. 

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2. Bacillus subtilis utilizes the DNA damage response to manage multicellular development

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   Gozzi, Kevin; Ching, Carly; Paruthiyil, Srinand; Zhao, Yinjuan; Godoy-Carter, Veronica; Chai, Yunrong (December 2017, npj Biofilms and Microbiomes)
3. Application of Laser Microirradiation in the Investigations of Cellular Responses to DNA Damage

   https://doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2020.597866  

   Kong, Xiangduo; Wakida, Nicole M.; Yokomori, Kyoko (January 2021, Frontiers in Physics)

   null (Ed.)

   Since the laser has been invented it has been highly instrumental in ablating different parts of the cell to test their functionality. Through induction of damage in a defined sub-micron region in the cell nucleus, laser microirradiation technique is now established as a powerful real-time and high-resolution methodology to investigate mechanisms of DNA damage response and repair, the fundamental cellular processes for the maintenance of genomic integrity, in mammalian cells. However, irradiation conditions dictate the amounts, types and complexity of DNA damage, leading to different damage signaling responses. Thus, in order to properly interpret the results, it is important to understand the features of laser-induced DNA damage. In this review, we describe different types of DNA damage induced by the use of different laser systems and parameters, and discuss the mechanisms of DNA damage induction. We further summarize recent advances in the application of laser microirradiation to study spatiotemporal dynamics of cellular responses to DNA damage, including factor recruitment, chromatin modulation at damage sites as well as more global damage signaling. Finally, possible future application of laser microirradiation to gain further understanding of DNA damage response will be discussed. 

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4. DNA damage alters binding conformations of E. coli single-stranded DNA-binding protein

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   Morse, Michael; Navarro_Roby, Francesco; Kinare, Mansi; McIsaac, James; Williams, Mark C; Beuning, Penny J (October 2023, Biophysical Journal)
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   Wysong, Brandon C; Schuck, P Logan; Sridharan, Madhumita; Carrison, Sophie; Murakami, Yuichihiro; Balakrishnan, Lata; Stewart, Jason A (August 2024, Journal of Molecular Biology)