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   Vale, G.L. ; Williams, L. ; Webb, S. Neal ; Schapiro, S.J. ; Brosnan, S.F. ( November 2022 , Animal Behaviour)
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   Spotswood, Erica N. ; Benjamin, Matthew ; Stoneburner, Lauren ; Wheeler, Megan M. ; Beller, Erin E. ; Balk, Deborah ; McPhearson, Timon ; Kuo, Ming ; McDonald, Robert I. ( January 2021 , Nature Sustainability)

   null (Ed.)

   Abstract Urban nature—such as greenness and parks—can alleviate distress and provide space for safe recreation during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, nature is often less available in low-income populations and communities of colour—the same communities hardest hit by COVID-19. In analyses of two datasets, we quantified inequity in greenness and park proximity across all urbanized areas in the United States and linked greenness and park access to COVID-19 case rates for ZIP codes in 17 states. Areas with majority persons of colour had both higher case rates and less greenness. Furthermore, when controlling for sociodemographic variables, an increase of 0.1 in the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index was associated with a 4.1% decrease in COVID-19 incidence rates (95% confidence interval: 0.9–6.8%). Across the United States, block groups with lower income and majority persons of colour are less green and have fewer parks. Our results demonstrate that the communities most impacted by COVID-19 also have the least nature nearby. Given that urban nature is associated with both human health and biodiversity, these results have far-reaching implications both during and beyond the pandemic. 

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3. Discrimination, trust, and withholding information from providers: Implications for missing data and inequity

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   Nong, Paige ; Williamson, Alicia ; Anthony, Denise ; Platt, Jodyn ; Kardia, Sharon ( June 2022 , SSM - Population Health)
4. Effect of Physician-Delivered COVID-19 Public Health Messages and Messages Acknowledging Racial Inequity on Black and White Adults’ Knowledge, Beliefs, and Practices Related to COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial

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5. Who has nature during the pandemic? COVID-19 cases track widespread inequity in nature access across the United States

   Spotswood, E. ( February 2021 , Research square)

   null (Ed.)

   Urban nature can alleviate distress and provide space for safe recreation during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, nature is often less available in low-income and communities of color—the same communities hardest hit by COVID-19. We quantified nature inequality across all urbanized areas in the US and linked nature access to COVID-19 case rates for ZIP Codes in 17 states. Areas with majority persons of color had both higher case rates and less greenness. Furthermore, when controlling for socio-demographic variables, an increase of 0.1 in Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was associated with a 4.1% decrease in COVID-19 incidence rates (95% confidence interval: 0.9-6.8%). Across the US, block groups with lower-income and majority persons of color are less green and have fewer parks. Thus, communities most impacted by COVID-19 also have the least nature nearby. Given urban nature is associated with both human health and biodiversity, these results have far-reaching implications both during and beyond the pandemic. 

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