Abstract The interaction of diiodine with quinuclidine (QN) and 4‐dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) in solutions with 1 : 1 molar ratio of reactants at room temperature produced (in essentially quantitative yields) pure charge‐transfer QN⋅I2adducts and iodine(I) salt [DMAP‐I‐DMAP]I3, respectively. In comparison, the quantitative formation of pure iodine (I) salt [QN‐I‐QN]I5was observed for the room‐temperature reactions of QN with a 50 % excess of I2, and the charge‐transfer adducts of I2with DMAP (and other pyridines) were formed when reactions were carried out at low temperatures. Computational analysis related the switch from the formation of charge‐transfer adducts to iodine(I) complexes in these systems to the strength of the halogen bonding of diiodine to the N‐donor bases. It shows that while the halogen‐bonded adducts represent critical intermediates in the formation of iodine(I) complexes, exceedingly strong halogen bonding between diiodine and the base prevents any subsequent transformations. In other words, while halogen bonding usually facilitates electron and halogen transfer, the halogen‐bonded complexes may serve as “black holes” hindering any follow‐up processes if this intermolecular interaction is too strong. 
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                            Probing halogen bonding interactions between heptafluoro-2-iodopropane and three azabenzenes with Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory
                        
                    
    
            The potential formation of halogen bonded complexes between a donor, heptafluoro-2-iodopropane (HFP), and the three acceptor heterocyclic azines (azabenzenes: pyridine, pyrimidine, and pyridazine) is investigated herein through normal mode analysis via Raman spectroscopy, density functional theory, and natural electron configuration analysis. Theoretical Raman spectra of the halogen bonded complexes are in good agreement with experimental data providing insight into the Raman spectra of these complexes. The exhibited shifts in vibrational frequency of as high as 8 cm −1 for each complex demonstrate, in conjunction with NEC analysis, significant evidence of charge transfer from the halogen bond acceptor to donor. Here, an interesting charge flow mechanism is proposed involving the donated nitrogen lone pair electrons pushing the dissociated fluorine atoms back to their respective atoms. This mechanism provides further insight into the formation and fundamental nature of halogen bonding and its effects on neighboring atoms. The present findings provide novel and deeper characterization of halogen bonding with applications in supramolecular and organometallic chemistry. 
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                            - Award ID(s):
- 1757220
- PAR ID:
- 10417596
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
- Volume:
- 24
- Issue:
- 19
- ISSN:
- 1463-9076
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 11713 to 11720
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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