More Like this

1. Measurements of ¹⁸ O ¹⁸ O and ¹⁷ O ¹⁸ O in the atmosphere and the role of isotope-exchange reactions: ¹⁸ O ¹⁸ O AND ¹⁷ O ¹⁸ O IN THE ATMOSPHERE

   https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD017992  

   Yeung, Laurence Y.; Young, Edward D.; Schauble, Edwin A. (September 2012, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres)
2. The versatility of 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (cyclam) in the formation of compounds of Co ²⁺ , Ni ²⁺ , Cu ²⁺ , and Zn ²⁺ with metal ions in and out of the cyclic ligand ring

   https://doi.org/10.1515/zkri-2023-0026  

   Noor, Mah; Chah, Hamza; Tresp, David; Bernal, Ivan; Lalancette, Roger A. (June 2023, Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials)

   Herein we report the results of preparing metal compounds (where the metal ions are Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+) with the cyclic ligand 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane [cyclam] under a variety of conditions of metal-ligand ratios and solvent media. In all cases, we used metal Cl2 . nH2O salts (except for anhydrous CoCl2), as specified. Outcome: we isolated species with a four-coordinate metal in the N4 cavity of the ligand alone, and also with either one or two additional axial ligands. Those axial ligands can be (a) a single chloride, leading to penta-coordinated+ products; (b) two chlorides, leading to octahedral-neutral compounds; (c) two waters, giving rise to hexa-coordinated [(cyclam)metal(H2O)2]2+ species. Finally, in the case of HCl added to the reaction medium, the cyclam can be di-protonated and appears as [(cyclam)H2]2+ in the crystals. With such a variety of products, it is not surprising that since the metal coordination numbers vary, the cyclam ligand stereochemistries are thereby affected. Interestingly, the [(cyclam)metal] species are invariably hydrogen-bonded to one another in infinite strings of two kinds: (1) those for which the crystal’s Z’ = 1 have single strings; (2) when Z’ = 2, there is a pair of homogeneous strings attached to one another by a variety of hydrogen-bonding linkages. Finally, we observed an interesting pair of hydroxonium cations: the first is hydoxonium cations in a pleated 2-D sheet consisting of fused pentagons located between sheets of [(cyclam)metal] moieties; the second one is an infinite string of composition (H3O+)-(H2O)-(H3O+)-(H2O)-(H3O+)-(H2O)-(H3O+). 

   more » « less
3. The Role of Ozone Vibrational Resonances in the Isotope Exchange Reaction ¹⁶ O ¹⁶ O + ¹⁸ O → ¹⁸ O ¹⁶ O + ¹⁶ O: The Time-Dependent Picture

   https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.9b06139  

   Yuen, Chi Hong; Lapierre, David; Gatti, Fabien; Kokoouline, Viatcheslav; Tyuterev, Vladimir G. (August 2019, The Journal of Physical Chemistry A)
4. Assessing the Sources of the O ⁺ in the Plasma Sheet

   https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JA032635  

   Liao, J.; Kistler, L_M; Mouikis, C_G; Fuselier, S_A; Hedlund, M. (August 2024, Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics)

   Abstract To study the average contributions of the cusp outflow through the lobes and of the nightside auroral outflow to the O⁺in the plasma sheet (PS), we performed a statistical study of tailward streaming O⁺in the lobes, plasma sheet boundary layer|the plasma sheet boundary layer (PSBL) and the PS, using MMS/Hot Plasma Composition Analyzer (HPCA) data from 2017 to 2020. Similar spatial patterns illustrate the entry of cusp‐origin O⁺from the lobes to the PS through the PSBL. There is an Y_GSM‐dependent energy pattern for the lobe O⁺, with low‐energy O⁺streaming closer to the tail center and high energy (1–3 keV) O⁺streaming near the flanks. Low energy (1–100 eV) O⁺from the nightside auroral oval is identified in the near‐Earth PSBL/PS with high‐density (>0.02 cm⁻³), and energetic (>3 keV) streaming O⁺with similar density (∼0.013 cm⁻³) is observed further out on the duskside of the PSBL/PS. The rest of the nightside auroral O⁺in the PSBL is mixed with O⁺coming in from the lobe, making it difficult to distinguish the source. We estimated the contributions of the different sources of H⁺and O⁺ions through the PS between 7 and 17 R_E, using estimates from this work and data extracted from previous studies. We conclude that, during quiet times, the majority of the near‐Earth PS H⁺are from the cusps, the polar wind and Earthward convection from the distant tail. Similarly, while the O⁺in the same region has a mixed source, cusp origin outflow provides the highest contribution. 

   more » « less
5. The Role of Tunneling in the Spectra of H ₅ ⁺ and D ₅ ⁺ up to 7300 cm ^-1

   https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.0c02299  

   Boyer, Mark A.; Chiu, Chloe S.; McDonald, David C.; Wagner, J. Philipp; Colley, Jason E.; Orr, Dylan S.; Duncan, Michael A.; McCoy, Anne B. (May 2020, The Journal of Physical Chemistry A)

   The spectra for H5+ and D5+ are extended to cover the region between 4830 and 7300 cm−1. These spectra are obtained using mass-selected photodissociation spectroscopy. To understand the nature of the states that are accessed by the transitions in this and prior studies, we develop a four-dimensional model Hamiltonian. This Hamiltonian is expressed in terms of the two outer H2 stretches, the displacement of the shared proton from the center of mass of these two H2 groups, and the distance between the H2 groups. This choice is motivated by the large oscillator strength associated with the shared proton stretch and the fact that the spectral regions that have been probed correspond to zero, one, and two quanta of excitation in the H2 stretches. This model is analyzed using an adiabatic separation of the H2 stretches from the other two vibrations and includes the non-adiabatic couplings between H2 stretch states with the same number of quanta of excitation in the H2 stretches. Based on the analysis of the energies and wave functions obtained from this model, we find that when there are one or more quanta of excitation in the H2 stretches the states come in pairs that reflect tunneling doublets. The states accessed by the transitions in the spectrum with the largest intensity are assigned to the members of the doublets with requisite symmetry that are localized on the lowest-energy adiabat for a given level of H2 excitation. 

   more » « less