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We experimentally demonstrate a compact on-chip narrowband Fourier Transform spectrometer (FTS) based on spatially heterodyned array of loop-terminated Mach-Zehnder interferometers (LT-MZIs) in a foundry fabricated silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform for chip-integrated sensing applications. We demonstrate that LT-MZIs with the same progressive geometric path length difference between the spatially heterodyned arrayed interferometer arms, as in Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs), double the optical phase delay and thus double the wavelength resolution compared to MZIs. Our proof-of-concept device demonstrates one method to address the bandwidth-resolution-compactness tradeoff inherent in on-chip FTSs. The resolution enhancement is significant for optical sensing applications in biosensing and chemical sensing requiring single digit picometers resolution within a narrow wavelength bandwidth in compact on-chip form factors. We discuss the challenges arising from fabrication imperfections in spatially heterodyned FTS in foundry fabricated chips. We propose a method to compensate for phase errors arising from fabrication imperfections within a narrow wavelength bandwidth in the FTS using the refractive index changes in the amorphous to crystalline phase transformations of phase change materials (PCMs), which would enable zero active power consumption during on-chip narrowband FTS operation.
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A compact Michelson interferometer based on-chip Fourier transform spectrometer
We experimentally demonstrate a compact Fourier Transform on-chip spectrometer based on spatially heterodyned array of Michelson interferometers (MIs) in a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. We demonstrate that with the same progressive geometric path length difference between the spatially heterodyned arrayed interferometer arms, MIs double the optical phase delays and thus double the wavelength resolution (δλ=0.8nm) compared to Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) (δλ=1.6nm). Our proof-of-concept device demonstrates one method to address the bandwidth-resolution tradeoff inherent in on-chip FTIRs, which gains in significance for optical sensing applications requiring single digit picometers resolution in compact on-chip form factors
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- Award ID(s):
- 2210707
- PAR ID:
- 10421759
- Editor(s):
- Crocombe, Richard A.; Profeta, Luisa T.
- Publisher / Repository:
- SPIE
- Date Published:
- ISBN:
- 9781510661462
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Location:
- Orlando, United States
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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- Free Publicly Accessible Full Text
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Accepted Manuscript1.0
- Conference Paper:
- https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2663712
