Phosphate (Pi) deficiency in soils is a major limiting factor for plant growth. In response to Pi deprivation, one prominent metabolic adaptation in plants is the decrease in membrane phospholipids that consume approximately one‐third cellular Pi. The level of two phospholipid‐hydrolyzing enzymes, phospholipase Dζ2 (PLDζ2) and non‐specific phospholipase C4 (NPC4), is highly induced in Pi‐deprived Arabidopsis. To determine the role of PLDζ2 and NPC4 in plant growth under Pi limitation, Arabidopsis plants deficient in both
Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is a necessary macronutrient for basic biological processes. Plants modulate their root system architecture (RSA) and cellular processes to adapt to Pi deprivation albeit with a growth penalty. Excess application of Pi fertilizer, on the contrary, leads to eutrophication and has a negative environmental impact. We compared RSA, root hair elongation, acid phosphatase activity, metal ion accumulation, and brassinosteroid hormone levels of We showed that Collectively, these results reveal an additional strategy by which plants can adapt to phosphate starvation.
- NSF-PAR ID:
- 10431571
- Publisher / Repository:
- Wiley-Blackwell
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- New Phytologist
- Volume:
- 239
- Issue:
- 4
- ISSN:
- 0028-646X
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- p. 1368-1383
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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Summary PLDζ2 andNPC4 (npc4pldζ2 ) were generated and characterized. Lipid remodeling in leaves and roots was analyzed at three different durations of Pi deficiency.NPC4 affected lipid changes mainly in roots at an early stage of Pi deprivation, whereasPLDζ2 exhibited a more overt effect on lipid remodeling in leaves at a later stage of Pi deprivation. Pi deficiency‐induced galactolipid increase and phospholipid decrease were impeded inpldζ2 andnpc4pldζ2 plants. In addition, seedlings ofnpc4pldζ2 had the same root hair density aspldζ2 but shorter root hair length thanpldζ2 in response to Pi deficiency. The loss ofNPC4 decreased root hair length but had no effect on root hair density. These data suggest that PLDζ2 and NPC4 mediate the Pi deprivation‐induced lipid remodeling in a tissue‐ and time‐specific manner. PLDζ2 and NPC4 have distinctively different roles in root hair growth and development in response to Pi deprivation; PLDζ2 negatively modulates root hair density and length, whereas NPC4 promotes root hair elongation. -
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