Title: The next generation U.S. National Science Foundation Ice Core Facility: supporting state-of-the-art science
The National Science Foundation Ice Core Facility (NSF-ICF, fka NICL) is in the process of building a new facility including freezer and scientist support space. The facility is being designed to minimize environmental impacts while maximizing ice core curation and science support. In preparation for the new facility, we are updating research equipment and integrating ice core data collection and processing by assigning International Generic Sample Numbers (IGSN) to advance the “FAIR”ness and establish clear provenance of samples, fostering the next generation of linked research data products. The NSF-ICF team, in collaboration with the US ice core science community, has established a metadata schema for the assignment of IGSNs to ice cores and samples. In addition, in close coordination with the US ice core community, we are adding equipment modules that expand traditional sets of physical property, visual stratigraphy, and electrical conductance ice core measurements. One such module is an ice core hyperspectral imaging (HSI) system. Adapted for the cold laboratory settings, the SPECIM SisuSCS HSI system can collect up to 224 bands using a continuous line-scanning mode in the visible and near-infrared (VNIR) 400-1000 nm spectral region. A modular system design allows expansion of spectral properties in the future. The second module is an updated multitrack electrical conductance system. These new data will guide real time optimization of sampling for planned analyses during ice core processing, especially for ice with deformed or highly compressed layering. The aim is to facilitate the collection of robust, long-term, and FAIR data archives for every future ice core section processed at NSF-ICF. The NSF-ICF is fully funded by the National Science Foundation and operated by the U.S. Geological Survey. more »« less
Souney, Joseph M.; Twickler, Mark S.; Aydin, Murat; Steig, Eric J.; Fudge, T. J.; Street, Leah V.; Nicewonger, Melinda R.; Kahle, Emma C.; Johnson, Jay A.; Kuhl, Tanner W.; et al
(, Annals of Glaciology)
null
(Ed.)
Abstract An intermediate-depth (1751 m) ice core was drilled at the South Pole between 2014 and 2016 using the newly designed US Intermediate Depth Drill. The South Pole ice core is the highest-resolution interior East Antarctic ice core record that extends into the glacial period. The methods used at the South Pole to handle and log the drilled ice, the procedures used to safely retrograde the ice back to the National Science Foundation Ice Core Facility (NSF-ICF), and the methods used to process and sample the ice at the NSF-ICF are described. The South Pole ice core exhibited minimal brittle ice, which was likely due to site characteristics and, to a lesser extent, to drill technology and core handling procedures.
Kurbatov, Andrei; Brook, Edward; Buizert, Christo; Carr, Theodore; Fegyveresi, John; Fudge, Tyler; Hargreaves, Geoffrey; Hoefen, Todd; Kirkpatrick, Liam; Labombard, Curtis; et al
(, EGU General Assembly 2024)
Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technology has been increasingly used in Earth and planetary sciences. This imaging technique has been successfully tested on ice cores using VNIR (visible and near-infrared, 380-1000 nm) (Garzonio et al., 2018) and near-infrared (900 - 1700 nm) (McDowell et al, 2023) line-scan cameras. Results show that HSI data greatly expand ice core line-scan imaging capabilities, previously used with gray or RGB cameras (see summary in Dey et al., 2023). Combinations of selected HSI bands from the hyperspectral data cube improve feature detection in ice core stratigraphy, and map distribution of volcanic material, dust, air bubbles, fractures, and ice crystals in ice cores. Captured spectral information provides unique fingerprints for specific materials present in ice cores. This method helps to guide ice core sampling because it provides non-destructive, rapid visualization of microstructural properties, layering, bubble contents, increases in dust, or presence of tephra material. Precise identification of these atmospheric components is important for understanding past climate drivers reconstructed from ice cores. As part of the COLDEX project (Brook et al., this meeting) we adapted the SPECIM SisuSCS HSI system for ice core imaging. The ice core scanning system is housed inside the ca. -20ºC main NSF ICF freezer, and externally computer-controlled. The operator monitors scanning operations and communicates with personnel inside of the freezer via radio. The system is equipped with a SPECIM FX10 camera that measures up to 224 bands in the VNIR range. We modified the ice core holder tray and installed a heated enclosure for the camera. The system uses SCHOTT DCR III Fiber Optic light sources with an OSL2BIR bulb from Thorlabs. IR filters are removed to extend the light spectral range beyond the 700 nm limit without heating the ice core surface during rapid (<5 minutes) scanning of an entire meter-long section. Emitted light enters ice at a 45º angle from two top and two bottom light sources. To calibrate absolute reflectance we use three Spectralon panels with 100, 50 and 20% reflectance values with every scan as well as several secondary reflective standards and USAF targets for geometric corrections. We are developing Python-based open source data processing routines and currently comparing HSI data with existing ice core physical and chemical measurements. The goal is to fully integrate the ice core HSI system with ice core processing at the NSF ICF. Dey et al., 2023. Application of Visual Stratigraphy from Line-Scan Images to Constrain Chronology and Melt Features of a Firn Core from Coastal Antarctica. Journal of Glaciology 69(273): 179–90. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2022.59.Garzonio et al., 2018. A Novel Hyperspectral System for High Resolution Imaging of Ice Cores: Application to Light-Absorbing Impurities and Ice Structure. Cold Regions Science and Technology 155: 47–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2018.07.005.McDowell et al., 2023. A Cold Laboratory Hyperspectral Imaging System to Map Grain Size and Ice Layer Distributions in Firn Cores. Preprint. Ice sheets/Instrumentation. https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2351.
This paper focuses on discussing the efforts made to engage students in multi-disciplinary research and integrate teaching and research in the areas of FTIR Spectro- microscopy and image processing and analysis. The author (PI) and co-PIs acquired a Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopic Imaging equipment through the National Science Foundation- Major Research Instrumentation (NSF- MRI) grant (#1827134). This project aims to use the equipment to conduct undergraduate and graduate research projects and teach undergraduate and graduate classes. The NSF awarded the California State University Chico (CSU Chico) $175,305 to acquire an FTIR spectrometer and microscope, which are important tools for chemical characterization of samples with infrared active molecules. FTIR Spectroscopic Imaging System especially provides accurate chemical images that reveal the variations in images’ pixels which are mappings of constituent materials of samples rather than a single visible image with slight variations. By employing this equipment in research and the Image Processing course, students can learn how to collect, process and analyze the imaging data of samples and the corresponding spectral data. The students not only will learn how to process a single chemical image, but also will work with the data cubes to consider the pixel intensities along the IR spectrum, experience working with big data, hone the skills to design experiments, analyze larger data sets, develop pre- and post-image processing techniques, and apply and refine math and programming skills. Image processing course conventionally is based on math, digital signal and systems, and requires programming skills such as Matlab, C++, and Python. along with the mentioned knowledge. Additionally, the research conducted by this equipment promotes collaboration between engineering major students and science major students. In this paper, the author will explain how collecting data through running experiments with the FTIR Spectroscopic Imaging equipment helps students visualize theory and relate it to real world problems. This paper also discusses the results of engaging undergraduate students from various majors in research. Moreover, it will discuss some of the projects that were conducted by undergraduate students and their learning outcomes. The objective of the research projects was material characterization towards contribution to health by employing FTIR Spectroscopic Imaging System.
Romanovsky, Vladimir; Kholodov, Alexander; Nicolsky, Dmitry; Wright, Thomas
(, NSF Arctic Data Center)
This work coordinates data collection using standard equipment and protocols at North American and Russian sites. These data sets provide the baseline to assess the future rates of change in near-surface permafrost temperatures and permafrost boundaries, and to provide spatial data for validation of climate scenario models and temperature reanalysis approaches. The work represents the United States (US) contribution to the ongoing activities of the Global Terrestrial Network for Permafrost that obtains temperatures in a large number of globally distributed monitoring sites in order to provide a snapshot of permafrost temperatures in both time and space. The US National Science Foundation (NSF) funded this work with award #0520578, #0632400, #0856864, and #1304271.
This paper is the second in a series of annual papers about the role 2-year Hispanic Serving Institutions (HSIs) have in educating technicians from underrepresented groups and how the National Science Foundation (NSF) sponsored HSI Advanced Technological Education (ATE) Hub program supports faculty at HSIs in improving Hispanic/Latinx student success. The goal of the HSI ATE Hub project is to build capacity and leadership at 2-year HSIs for developing competitive ATE proposals to NSF to prepare technicians in advanced technologies that drive the American economy. Funded by the NSF ATE Program, the HSI ATE Hub is a three-year collaborative project implemented by Florence Darlington Technical College in South Carolina and the Science Foundation Arizona Center for STEM at Arizona State University. Last year’s paper described the research need, provided a project overview, included baseline and initial data, and discussed early lessons learned and their implications for future research. This paper describes continued fostering of the HSI ATE community (2-year HSIs with grant prospects and awards from the NSF ATE Program), resource dissemination, usage, perceived value to the community, and additional data gathered during the first and second cohorts of HSI ATE Hub, including adjustments based on learnings from year 1. Emphasis will be placed on HSI ATE Community building and resources. Lessons learned and implications for future research are also described in the paper.
Powers, L., Kurbatov, A., Kershaw, C., Hargreaves, G., Labombard, C., and Fudge, T. J. The next generation U.S. National Science Foundation Ice Core Facility: supporting state-of-the-art science. Retrieved from https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10436143. EGU General Assembly 2023, Vienna, Austria, 24–28 Apr 2023 . Web. doi:10.5194/egusphere-egu23-1684.
Powers, L., Kurbatov, A., Kershaw, C., Hargreaves, G., Labombard, C., & Fudge, T. J. The next generation U.S. National Science Foundation Ice Core Facility: supporting state-of-the-art science. EGU General Assembly 2023, Vienna, Austria, 24–28 Apr 2023, (). Retrieved from https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10436143. https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu23-1684
Powers, L., Kurbatov, A., Kershaw, C., Hargreaves, G., Labombard, C., and Fudge, T. J.
"The next generation U.S. National Science Foundation Ice Core Facility: supporting state-of-the-art science". EGU General Assembly 2023, Vienna, Austria, 24–28 Apr 2023 (). Country unknown/Code not available. https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu23-1684.https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10436143.
@article{osti_10436143,
place = {Country unknown/Code not available},
title = {The next generation U.S. National Science Foundation Ice Core Facility: supporting state-of-the-art science},
url = {https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10436143},
DOI = {10.5194/egusphere-egu23-1684},
abstractNote = {The National Science Foundation Ice Core Facility (NSF-ICF, fka NICL) is in the process of building a new facility including freezer and scientist support space. The facility is being designed to minimize environmental impacts while maximizing ice core curation and science support. In preparation for the new facility, we are updating research equipment and integrating ice core data collection and processing by assigning International Generic Sample Numbers (IGSN) to advance the “FAIR”ness and establish clear provenance of samples, fostering the next generation of linked research data products. The NSF-ICF team, in collaboration with the US ice core science community, has established a metadata schema for the assignment of IGSNs to ice cores and samples. In addition, in close coordination with the US ice core community, we are adding equipment modules that expand traditional sets of physical property, visual stratigraphy, and electrical conductance ice core measurements. One such module is an ice core hyperspectral imaging (HSI) system. Adapted for the cold laboratory settings, the SPECIM SisuSCS HSI system can collect up to 224 bands using a continuous line-scanning mode in the visible and near-infrared (VNIR) 400-1000 nm spectral region. A modular system design allows expansion of spectral properties in the future. The second module is an updated multitrack electrical conductance system. These new data will guide real time optimization of sampling for planned analyses during ice core processing, especially for ice with deformed or highly compressed layering. The aim is to facilitate the collection of robust, long-term, and FAIR data archives for every future ice core section processed at NSF-ICF. The NSF-ICF is fully funded by the National Science Foundation and operated by the U.S. Geological Survey.},
journal = {EGU General Assembly 2023, Vienna, Austria, 24–28 Apr 2023},
author = {Powers, L. and Kurbatov, A. and Kershaw, C. and Hargreaves, G. and Labombard, C. and Fudge, T. J.},
}
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