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1. Engineered Lung Tissues Prepared from Decellularized Lung Slices

   https://doi.org/10.3791/63151  

   Leiby, Katherine L.; Ng, Ronald; Campbell, Stuart G.; Niklason, Laura E. (January 2022, Journal of Visualized Experiments)
2. Polymer Lung Surfactants

   https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.8b00061  

   Kim, Hyun Chang; Suresh, Madathilparambil V.; Singh, Vikas V.; Arick, Davis Q.; Machado-Aranda, David A.; Raghavendran, Krishnan; Won, You-Yeon (August 2018, ACS Applied Bio Materials)
3. Gut bacterial lactate stimulates lung epithelial mitochondria and exacerbates acute lung injury

   https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.03.24.645052  

   Upadhyay, Vaibhav; Ortega, Edwin F; Ramirez_Hernandez, Luis A; Alexander, Margaret; Kaur, Gagandeep; Trepka, Kai; Rock, Rachel R; Shima, Rafaella T; Cheshire, W Colby; Alipanah-Lechner, Narges; et al (March 2025, bioRxiv)

   ABSTRACT Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an often fatal critical illness where lung epithelial injury leads to intrapulmonary fluid accumulation. ARDS became widespread during the COVID-19 pandemic, motivating a renewed effort to understand the complex etiology of this disease. Rigorous prior work has implicated lung endothelial and epithelial injury in response to an insult such as bacterial infection; however, the impact of microorganisms found in other organs on ARDS remains unclear. Here, we use a combination of gnotobiotic mice, cell culture experiments, and re-analyses of a large metabolomics dataset from ARDS patients to reveal that gut bacteria impact lung cellular respiration by releasing metabolites that alter mitochondrial activity in lung epithelium. Colonization of germ-free mice with a complex gut microbiota stimulated lung mitochondrial gene expression. A single human gut bacterial species,Bifidobacterium adolescentis,was sufficient to replicate this effect, leading to a significant increase in mitochondrial membrane potential in lung epithelial cells. We then used genome sequencing and mass spectrometry to confirm thatB. adolescentisproducesL-lactate, which was sufficient to increase mitochondrial activity in lung epithelial cells. Finally, we found that serum lactate was significantly associated with disease severity in patients with ARDS from the Early Assessment of Renal and Lung Injury (EARLI) cohort. Together, these results emphasize the importance of more broadly characterizing the microbial etiology of ARDS and other lung diseases given the ability of gut bacterial metabolites to remotely control lung cellular respiration. Our discovery of a single bacteria-metabolite pair provides aproof-of-conceptfor systematically testing other microbial metabolites and a mechanistic biomarker that could be pursued in future clinical studies. Furthermore, our work adds to the growing literature linking the microbiome to mitochondrial function, raising intriguing questions as to the bidirectional communication between our endo- and ecto-symbionts. 

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4. Lung Progenitor and Stem Cell Transplantation as a Potential Regenerative Therapy for Lung Diseases

   https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0000000000004959  

   Serna_Villa, Vanessa; Ren, Xi (February 2024, Transplantation)

   Chronic lung diseases are debilitating illnesses ranking among the top causes of death globally. Currently, clinically available therapeutic options capable of curing chronic lung diseases are limited to lung transplantation, which is hindered by donor organ shortage. This highlights the urgent need for alternative strategies to repair damaged lung tissues. Stem cell transplantation has emerged as a promising avenue for regenerative treatment of the lung, which involves delivery of healthy lung epithelial progenitor cells that subsequently engraft in the injured tissue and further differentiate to reconstitute the functional respiratory epithelium. These transplanted progenitor cells possess the remarkable ability to self-renew, thereby offering the potential for sustained long-term treatment effects. Notably, the transplantation of basal cells, the airway stem cells, holds the promise for rehabilitating airway injuries resulting from environmental factors or genetic conditions such as cystic fibrosis. Similarly, for diseases affecting the alveoli, alveolar type II cells have garnered interest as a viable alveolar stem cell source for restoring the lung parenchyma from genetic or environmentally induced dysfunctions. Expanding upon these advancements, the use of induced pluripotent stem cells to derive lung progenitor cells for transplantation offers advantages such as scalability and patient specificity. In this review, we comprehensively explore the progress made in lung stem cell transplantation, providing insights into the current state of the field and its future prospects. 

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5. Mapping Lung Water Signal Distribution on Human Chest and Predition of Lung Water Content

   https://doi.org/10.1109/APUSNCURSINRSM.2019.8888620  

   Yun, Zhengqing; Clemens, Scott; Xiao, Yuanzhang; Perron, Ruthsenne; Iskander, Magdy F. (July 2019, IEEE)