This work studied the potential of centrifugal spinning for the production of fibrous materials based on poly(D,L‐lactic acid) (PDLLA) and poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (n‐Hap). The influence of n‐Hap concentration (5, 10, and 15 wt.%) and spinneret angular speed on the final fiber morphology were analyzed. Further experimental evaluations were implemented to determine the effect of n‐Hap on the thermal and mechanical performance. The optimum parameters that show a balance among high yield production of homogeneous fibers with the smallest fiber average diameter were found to be at 5 wt.% of n‐Hap processed at 7000 rpm for PDLLA, and 5, 10, and 15 wt.% of n‐Hap at 6000 rpm for PHB. The thermal stability, for both systems, was not significantly affected. The mechanical performance of PHB systems was improved with the addition of n‐Hap. Osteoblast cell viability tests depicted a favorable cell response on the PDLLA systems.
This work addresses a systematic study for the process development and optimization of poly(
- NSF-PAR ID:
- 10462455
- Publisher / Repository:
- Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Applied Polymer Science
- Volume:
- 136
- Issue:
- 22
- ISSN:
- 0021-8995
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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Abstract -
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This study addresses the processing of nonwoven fibrous materials obtained by centrifugal spinning method, namely Forcespinning; a high yield and low production cost technique little explored in this field. Poly(D, L‐lactic acid) (PDLLA) and poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) were used as matrices and reinforced with zinc oxide nanoparticles (n‐ZnO). The morphology, mechanical, and thermal performance of the developed composites were analyzed as well as the antibacterial effect of n‐ZnO. Fibrous materials with n‐ZnO concentrations of 1, 3, and 5 wt. % for PDLLA and 1 and 3 wt. % for PHB were evaluated. The results showed that the incorporation of n‐ZnO produces an increase in the viscosity of the precursor solutions for both polymeric systems, which caused an increase in the average fiber diameter, though the morphology was not affected, obtaining mostly long, continuous, and homogenous fibers. In addition, a decrease in thermal stability was observed to a greater extent in PDLLA systems. Regarding the mechanical performance, optimal properties were obtained at a concentration of 3 and 1 wt. % of n‐ZnO for PDLLA and PHB, respectively. Antibacterial studies showed that PHB with 1 and 3 wt. % of n‐ZnO effectively combat strains of
E. coli andS. aureus , presenting 100% of strain growth inhibition. In the case of PDLLA, a higher n‐ZnO concentration (5 wt. %) was required to reach a strain growth inhibition above 97%. Finally, cell viability tests demonstrated that the designed fibrous mats support cell proliferation, indicating their potential for use as scaffolds in bone tissue regeneration. -
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ABSTRACT With recent developments in the field of smart textiles, researchers have been working toward fabricating architectures of nanofibers, known as nanoyarns, which mimic the geometry of a conventional yarn. In doing so, one can leverage the unique properties of nanoscale fibers, including high surface‐to‐volume ratio and tunable porosity, for the development of smart garments. In the last 5 years, researchers have produced nanoyarns from a limited number of polymers, including polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) and its co‐polymers. However, to our knowledge, there has been little research on the solution properties and electrospinning parameters needed to fabricate these higher‐order architectures from nonwoven mats. In this work, a modified electrospinning setup, enclosed in a humidity‐controlled chamber, was developed to fabricate nanoyarns for integration into knitted textiles. We fabricated nanofibers and nanoyarns from PAN/DMF solutions and conducted a systematic study to analyze the effect of solution conductivity, viscosity, and electrospinning parameters (applied voltage, collector distance, and humidity) on fiber and yarn fabrication and morphology. Polymer concentration had a significant effect on fibrous cone and yarn fabrication. Low polymer concentrations resulted in poor cone formation, whereas high concentration resulted in dense cones that were difficult to draw into nanoyarns. Overall, the matrix of electrospinning parameters that resulted in the formation of homogenous nanofiber mats was larger than that of nanoyarn formation. Nanoyarn formation required higher polymer concentration and/or applied voltage than nonwoven mat formation. The influence of these parameters on nanoyarn formation and fiber diameter can be used to expand the library of spinnable nanoyarns and optimize their properties for specific applications. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.
2018 ,135 , 46404. -
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ABSTRACT We report the fabrication of poly (ethylene‐co‐methacrylic acid) sodium‐neutralized ionomer (Surlyn 8940) fibers via a forced‐assembly coextrusion and layer multiplication process with polystyrene (PS) as the matrix material. The PS separating materials were removed by toluene extraction to yield independent Surlyn fibers. The tensile properties of Surlyn fiber strands were studied under different strain rates. Surlyn fibers were oriented to 300% strain at different temperatures to study the effect of orientation on the tensile properties. The oriented Surlyn fibers were annealed after orientation to further enhance the mechanical properties. Further drawing of these oriented fiber mats to a draw ratio of 4 at 60 °C followed by annealing at 60 °C can afford moduli in excess of 350 MPa and tensile strengths in excess of 70 MPa. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.
2019 ,136 , 48046. -
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Thermoplastic polyamide 6 composites reinforced with flax fiber fabric and kraft pulp cellulose mat were prepared by anionic
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