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When we think of a chemical process, we typically envision it occurring in the bulk phase of a system, leaving the interface overlooked. However, the chemistry at the surface can be significantly different from what happens in the bulk. As we scale down—considering water droplets in a cloud, mineral dust particles in the atmosphere, or the surface of a crystal exposed to reactive gases—the surface area becomes much more prominent than the bulk. Conversely, when considering larger systems, like the oceans or a planet's surface, it becomes evident that interfaces play a crucial role in chemical processes. Chemistry at surfaces and interfaces is pervasive, impacting many scientific fields. Surface chemistry and photochemistry are essential for understanding and controlling the processes at these interfaces. These disciplines are key to natural phenomena and technological advancements by revealing how molecules interact and transform at boundaries. Surface chemistry uncovers the unique behaviors of surface atoms and molecules, which experience unbalanced forces and higher free energies compared to their counterparts in the bulk. This distinctive reactivity drives adsorption, surface tension, and heterogeneous catalysis. In this primer, the authors explore the fundamental phenomena and core concepts shaping chemistry and photochemistry at interfaces. Each chapter examines a specific aspect of interface chemistry; however, reading the entire primer is recommended to gain a thorough understanding of the material. Whether you're a student beginning research in this area or seeking a deeper understanding of these complex dynamics, we hope this primer is a valuable resource for your future work.
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Catalyst: The roles of chemistry in clean water for all
Understanding nanoscale interfacial reactions unlocks the chemistry controls that are critical for clean water generation. This Catalyst discusses three important roles of chemistry in clean water: Understanding and controlling evolving interfaces induced by nucleation, deciphering and utilizing hidden interfaces in nanoconfined spaces, and harnessing interfaces with functionalized surfaces. Chemically guided developments of new materials and technologies for purifying clean water can bring all water resources back to one H2O, which supports life for all people.
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- Award ID(s):
- 1905077
- PAR ID:
- 10482879
- Publisher / Repository:
- Cell Press
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Chem
- Volume:
- 9
- Issue:
- 6
- ISSN:
- 2451-9294
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 1335 to 1339
- Subject(s) / Keyword(s):
- Water Interfaces Nanochemistry Interfacial Nanochemistry Nucleation Nanopores
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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- Free Publicly Accessible Full Text
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Accepted Manuscript1.0
- Journal Article:
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chempr.2023.04.002
