More Like this

1. Pileup and Infrared Radiation Annihilation (PIRANHA): a paradigm for continuous jet grooming

   https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP09(2023)157  

   Alipour-fard, Samuel; Komiske, Patrick T.; Metodiev, Eric M.; Thaler, Jesse (September 2023, Journal of High Energy Physics)

   A<sc>bstract</sc> Jet grooming is an important strategy for analyzing relativistic particle collisions in the presence of contaminating radiation. Most jet grooming techniques introduce hard cutoffs to remove soft radiation, leading to discontinuous behavior and associated experimental and theoretical challenges. In this paper, we introduce Pileup and Infrared Radiation Annihilation (Piranha), a paradigm for continuous jet grooming that overcomes the discontinuity and infrared sensitivity of hard-cutoff grooming procedures. We motivate Piranhafrom the perspective of optimal transport and the Energy Mover’s Distance and review Apollonius Subtraction and Iterated Voronoi Subtraction as examples of Piranha-style grooming. We then introduce a new tree-based implementation of Piranha, Recursive Subtraction, with reduced computational costs. Finally, we demonstrate the performance of Recursive Subtraction in mitigating sensitivity to soft distortions from hadronization and detector effects, and additive contamination from pileup and the underlying event. 

   more » « less
2. Fine-structure Transitions of Ne ⁺ , Ar ⁺ , Ne ²⁺ , and Ar ²⁺ Induced by Collisions with Atomic Hydrogen

   https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad0e77  

   Yan, Pei-Gen; Babb, James F (January 2024, The Astrophysical Journal)

   Abstract We calculate cross sections for fine-structure transitions of Ne⁺, Ar⁺, Ne²⁺, and Ar²⁺in collisions with atomic hydrogen by using quantum-mechanical methods. Relaxation rate coefficients are calculated for temperatures up to 10,000 K. The temperature-dependent critical densities for the relaxation of Ne⁺, Ar⁺, Ne²⁺, and Ar²⁺in collisions with H have been determined and compared to the critical densities for collisions with electrons. The present calculations will be useful for studies utilizing the infrared lines [Neii] 12.8, [Neiii] 15.6, [Neiii] 36.0, [Arii] 6.99, [Ariii] 8.99, and [Ariii] 21.8μm as diagnostics of, for example, planetary nebulae and star formation. 

   more » « less
3. Sprout: A Verifier for Symbolic Multiparty Protocols

   https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-98682-6_16  

   Li, Elaine; Stutz, Felix; Wies, Thomas; Zufferey, Damien (July 2025, Springer Nature Switzerland)

   Abstract We presentSprout, the first sound and complete implementability checker for symbolic multiparty protocols.Sproutsupports protocols with dependent refinements on message values, loop memory, and multiparty communication with generalized, sender-driven choice.Sproutchecks implementability via an optimized, sound and complete reduction to the fixpoint logic$$\mu $$ $\mu$CLP, and usesMuValas a backend solver for$$\mu $$ $\mu$CLP instances. We evaluateSprouton an extended benchmark suite of implementable and non-implementable examples, and show thatSproutoutperforms its competititors in terms of expressivity and precision, and provides competitive runtime performance.Sproutadditionally provides support for verifying custom functional correctness properties beyond implementability. 

   more » « less
4. Ain’t No Mountain High Enough: Semiparametric Modeling of LIGO–Virgo’s Binary Black Hole Mass Distribution

   https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac3667  

   Edelman, Bruce; Doctor, Zoheyr; Godfrey, Jaxen; Farr, Ben (January 2022, The Astrophysical Journal)

   Abstract We introduce a semiparametric model for the primary mass distribution of binary black holes (BBHs) observed with gravitational waves (GWs) that applies a cubic-spline perturbation to a power law. We apply this model to the 46 BBHs included in the second gravitational-wave transient catalog (GWTC-2). The spline perturbation model recovers a consistent primary mass distribution with previous results, corroborating the existence of a peak at 35M_⊙(>97% credibility) found with the Powerlaw+Peakmodel. The peak could be the result of pulsational pair-instability supernovae. The spline perturbation model finds potential signs of additional features in the primary mass distribution at lower masses similar to those previously reported by Tiwari and Fairhurst. However, with fluctuations due to small-number statistics, the simpler Powerlaw+Peakand BrokenPowerlawmodels are both still perfectly consistent with observations. Our semiparametric approach serves as a way to bridge the gap between parametric and nonparametric models to more accurately measure the BBH mass distribution. With larger catalogs we will be able to use this model to resolve possible additional features that could be used to perform cosmological measurements and will build on our understanding of BBH formation, stellar evolution, and nuclear astrophysics. 

   more » « less
5. Dockground resource for protein recognition studies

   https://doi.org/10.1002/pro.4481  

   Collins, Keeley W.; Copeland, Matthew M.; Kotthoff, Ian; Singh, Amar; Kundrotas, Petras J.; Vakser, Ilya A. (December 2022, Protein Science)

   Abstract Structural information of protein–protein interactions is essential for characterization of life processes at the molecular level. While a small fraction of known protein interactions has experimentally determined structures, computational modeling of protein complexes (protein docking) has to fill the gap. TheDockgroundresource (http://dockground.compbio.ku.edu) provides a collection of datasets for the development and testing of protein docking techniques. Currently,Dockgroundcontains datasets for the bound and the unbound (experimentally determined and simulated) protein structures, model–model complexes, docking decoys of experimentally determined and modeled proteins, and templates for comparative docking. TheDockgroundbound proteins dataset is a core set, from which otherDockgrounddatasets are generated. It is devised as a relational PostgreSQL database containing information on experimentally determined protein–protein complexes. This report on theDockgroundresource describes current status of the datasets, new automated update procedures and further development of the core datasets. We also present a newDockgroundinteractive web interface, which allows search by various parameters, such as release date, multimeric state, complex type, structure resolution, and so on, visualization of the search results with a number of customizable parameters, as well as downloadable datasets with predefined levels of sequence and structure redundancy. 

   more » « less