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1. A Dual-Band circularly polarized printed antenna for deep space CubeSat communication

   Mubashir, Muhammed ; Hossain, Mohammad ; Maula, Qudrat ; Latif, Saeed ; Spencer, E. ( August 2020 , Small Satellite Conference, Logan, Utah)

   null (Ed.)

   This paper presents the design of a dual-band printed planar antenna for deep space CubeSat communications. The antenna system will be used with a radio for duplex operation in a CubeSat, which can be used for a lunar mission or any deep space mission. While a high-gain CubeSat planar antenna/array is always desired for a deep space mission, high-performance ground stations are also required for robust communication links. For such a mission, the X-band is the appropriate frequency for the downlink communication, which is very challenging in the case of deep space communication compared to the uplink communication. At this frequency, the antenna size can have small enough dimension to form an array to obtain high-gain directional radiations for the successful communication, including telemetry and data download. NASA’s Deep Space Network (DSN) has the largest and most sensitive 70 meterdiameter antenna that can be considered for this type of mission for reliability. DSN has uplink and downlink frequency of operations in 7.1-GHz and 8.4-GHz bands, respectively, which are separated by approximately 1.3 GHz. A straight forward approach is to use two antennas to cover uplink and downlink frequencies. However, CubeSats have huge space constraints to accommodate science instruments and other subsystems and commonly utilize outside faces for solar cells. Therefore, in this paper, we have proposed a planar directional circularly polarized antenna with a single feed that operates at both uplink and downlink DSN frequencies. Simulated 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth of 165 MHz, from 7064 MHz to 7229 MHz for uplink, and that of 183 MHz, from 8325 MHz to 8508 MHz for downlink, are achieved. Also, a wide impedance bandwidth of 23.86% (VSWR < 2) is obtained. From this single probe-fed stacked patch antenna, peak RHCP gain of 9.24 dBic can be achieved. 

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2. A Wideband Stacked Patch-Patch Antenna with Hybrid Perturbations for Circular Polarization

   https://doi.org/10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9703820.  

   M. M. Hossain, S. S. ( February 2022 , 2021 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (APS/URSI))

   This paper presents a wideband circularly polarized antenna for small satellites to be used with NASA Near- Earth Networks (NEN). This single-fed stacked antenna utilizes the electromagnetic coupling concept and is usable with a duplex transceiver. The circularly-polarized antenna employs hybrid perturbations on stacked patches and covers NASA NEN’s both uplink and downlink frequencies, thus replacing the conventional requirement of two separate antennas. It provides a notable wide axial ratio (AR) < 3 dB bandwidth of 1.16 GHz from 7.02 GHz to 8.18 GHz (15.3%). The optimized patch dimensions provide 34.6% VSWR ~ 2 bandwidth from 6,525 MHz to 9,253 MHz. The overall antenna size is 17 mm × 17 mm × 6.6 mm, and has a peak gain of 7.9 dBi. This proposed antenna will overcome solar cell space constraint on smallsat’s outer wall by saving at least 50% area required by the conventional two-antenna method. 

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3. A compact monopole antenna for ultra‐wideband applications

   https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.31519  

   Saha, Tonmoy K. ; Goodbody, Carlene ; Karacolak, Tutku ; Sekhar, Praveen K. ( November 2018 , Microwave and Optical Technology Letters)

   In this paper, a slotted circular ultra‐wideband (UWB) microstrip patch antenna is reported. The antenna is designed, simulated, fabricated, and tested experimentally. The antenna operates over a 4.0‐40 GHz (164% fractional bandwidth) range with a return loss of 10 dB and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) < 2. The designed monopole antenna is of dimensions 28.1 mm × 17.1 mm with an electrical size of 0.37 λ × 0.23 λ at 4 GHz frequency. The antenna is fabricated on FR‐4 substrate with a dielectric permittivity of 4.4, loss tangent of 0.02, and a thickness of 1.4 mm. The designed antenna exhibits nearly omnidirectional radiation patterns over the entire impedance bandwidth with more than 2.8 dB peak gain for the entire frequency range and 75% of average radiation efficiency. The presented antenna can be used in UWB communications along with C‐band, X‐band, K_u‐band, K‐band, K_a‐band, WLAN, and future wireless applications.

    

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4. Integrated Planar Antenna with High Field Enhancement for On-Chip Electro-Optical Modulator Design

   Abe Akhiyat, Mustafa Karabiyik ( July 2020 , 2020 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting)

   null (Ed.)

   On chip antennas with integrated electro-optic modulators (EOMs) are attractive for millimeter wave applications. Such EOMs are placed at the antenna feed and enable the mixing of the incoming millimeter wave (mm-wave) signal with an optical carrier. As such, the mm-wave capture is turned into an optical signal that can be easily processed for imaging using standard infrared cameras. Our proposed on-chip antenna with the EOM modulator operated at 94 GHz or 77 GHz, with the antenna tuned at that frequency. For high modulation efficiency, it is critical that the modulator region is as small as possible with the optical waveguide leading to the EOM, also being well-matched. Notably, the enhanced field at the antenna feed leads to higher modulation efficiency and sensitivity. Therefore, an optimum antenna design must hasve as large as possible field strength at the feed. 

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5. A V-band Phased-Array Antenna for Millimeter-Wave-Based 3D Beam Steering Applications

   https://doi.org/10.1109/AP-S/USNC-URSI47032.2022.9886330  

   Kakaraparty, Karthik ; Roy, Sunanda ; Mahbub, Ifana ( September 2022 , 2022 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (AP-S/URSI))

   This paper presents a compact phased-array antenna for efficient and high-gain millimeter-wave-based 3D beam steering applications. The proposed antenna array consists of 2 × 2 unit cells and each unit cell is a sub-array comprising of 2 × 2 patch elements connected to microstrip lines that are co-fed by a single coaxial cable. Two 45° phase shifting lines are incorporated in each sub-array to facilitate the wide beamsteering range. The dimensions of the proposed phased array antenna are 24 × 24 × 0.324 mm 3 . Simulation results show that the proposed phased-array antenna has a resonating frequency at 58.4 GHz with an operational bandwidth from 50.1 GHz to 77.5 GHz along with a high gain of 26.8 dBi. The array exhibits a maximum beam steering range of 105° in the elevation plane and 195° in the azimuth plane with a gain variation less than 0.9 dBi. 

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