An official website of the United States government
Precision measurements with ultracold atoms and molecules are primed to probe beyond-the-standard model physics. Isotopologues of homonuclear molecules are a natural testbed for new Yukawa-type mass-dependent forces at nanometer scales, complementing existing mesoscopic-body and neutron scattering experiments. Here, we propose using isotopic shift measurements in molecular lattice clocks to constrain these new interactions from new massive scalar particles in the range: The new interaction would impart an extra isotopic shift to molecular levels on top of one predicted by the standard model. For the strontium dimer, a Hz-level agreement between experiment and theory could constrain the coupling of the new particles to hadrons by up to an order of magnitude over the most stringent existing experiments. Published by the American Physical Society2024
more »
« less
Learning Molecular Mixture Property Using Chemistry-Aware Graph Neural Network
Recent advances in machine learning (ML) are expediting materials discovery and design. One significant challenge facing ML for materials is the expansive combinatorial space of potential materials formed by diverse constituents and their flexible configurations. This complexity is particularly evident in molecular mixtures, a frequently explored space for materials, such as battery electrolytes. Owing to the complex structures of molecules and the sequence-independent nature of mixtures, conventional ML methods have difficulties in modeling such systems. Here, we present MolSets, a specialized ML model for molecular mixtures, to overcome the difficulties. Representing individual molecules as graphs and their mixture as a set, MolSets leverages a graph neural network and the deep sets architecture to extract information at the molecular level and aggregate it at the mixture level, thus addressing local complexity while retaining global flexibility. We demonstrate the efficacy of MolSets in predicting the conductivity of lithium battery electrolytes and highlight its benefits in the virtual screening of the combinatorial chemical space. Published by the American Physical Society2024
more »
« less
- PAR ID:
- 10524908
- Publisher / Repository:
- PRX Energy
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- PRX Energy
- Volume:
- 3
- Issue:
- 2
- ISSN:
- 2768-5608
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
More Like this
-
-
[This paper is part of the Focused Collection in Investigating and Improving Quantum Education through Research.] Research-based multiple-choice questions implemented in class with peer instruction have been shown to be an effective tool for improving students’ engagement and learning outcomes. Moreover, multiple-choice questions that are carefully sequenced to build on each other can be particularly helpful for students to develop a systematic understanding of concepts pertaining to a theme. Here, we discuss the development, validation, and implementation of a multiple-choice question sequence (MQS) on the topic of quantum measurement in the context of wave functions in the infinite-dimensional Hilbert space. This MQS was developed using students’ common difficulties with quantum measurements as a guide and was implemented in a junior-/senior-level quantum mechanics course at a large research university in the U.S. We compare student performance on assessment tasks focusing on quantum measurement before and after the implementation of the MQS and discuss how different difficulties were reduced and how to further improve students’ conceptual understanding of quantum measurement in infinite-dimensional Hilbert space. Published by the American Physical Society2025more » « less
-
Physics Education Research has a rich history of identifying common student ideas about specific physics topics. In the context of electric circuits, existing research on students’ ideas has primarily focused on misconceptions, misunderstandings, and difficulties. In this paper, we take a resource-oriented approach to identifying common student ideas about circuits by characterizing ideas we see as generative “seeds of science” that could form the basis of more sophisticated understandings. Based on our analysis of 1557 university physics student responses to five conceptual questions, we identify four common resources for understanding circuits. Published by the American Physical Society2024more » « less
-
Chirality, or handedness, is a geometrical property denoting a lack of mirror symmetry. Chirality is ubiquitous in nature and is associated with the nonreciprocal interactions observed in complex systems ranging from biomolecules to topological materials. Here, we demonstrate that chiral arrangements of dipole-coupled atoms or molecules can facilitate the helicity-dependent superradiant emission of light. We show that the collective modes of these systems experience an emergent spin-orbit coupling that leads to chirality-dependent photon transport and nontrivial topological properties. These phenomena are fully described within the electric dipole approximation, resulting in very strong optical responses. Our results demonstrate an intimate connection between chirality, superradiance, and photon helicity and provide a comprehensive framework for studying electron transport dynamics in chiral molecules using cold atom quantum simulators. Published by the American Physical Society2024more » « less
- Free Publicly Accessible Full Text
-
Accepted Manuscript1.0
- Journal Article:
- https://doi.org/10.1103/PRXEnergy.3.023006
