Abstract We present analysis of the plateau and late-time phase properties of a sample of 39 Type II supernovae (SNe II) that show narrow, transient, high-ionization emission lines (i.e., “IIn-like”) in their early-time spectra from interaction with confined, dense circumstellar material (CSM). Originally presented by W. V. Jacobson-Galán et al., this sample also includes multicolor light curves and spectra extending to late-time phases of 35 SNe with no evidence for IIn-like features at <2 days after first light. We measure photospheric phase light-curve properties for the distance-corrected sample and find that SNe II with IIn-like features have significantly higher luminosities and decline rates at +50 days than the comparison sample, which could be connected to inflated progenitor radii, lower ejecta mass, and/or persistent CSM interaction. However, we find no statistical evidence that the measured plateau durations and56Ni masses of SNe II with and without IIn-like features arise from different distributions. We estimate progenitor zero-age main-sequence (ZAMS) masses for all SNe with nebular spectroscopy through spectral model comparisons and find that most objects, both with and without IIn-like features, are consistent with progenitor masses ≤12.5M⊙. Combining progenitor ZAMS masses with CSM densities inferred from early-time spectra suggests multiple channels for enhanced mass loss in the final years before core collapse, such as a convection-driven chromosphere or binary interaction. Finally, we find spectroscopic evidence for ongoing ejecta-CSM interaction at radii >1016cm, consistent with substantial progenitor mass-loss rates of ∼10−4–10−5M⊙yr−1(vw < 50 km s−1) in the final centuries to millennia before explosion.
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Ejecta Masses in Type Ia Supernovae—Implications for the Progenitor and the Explosion Scenario*
Abstract The progenitor system(s) as well as the explosion mechanism(s) of thermonuclear (Type Ia) supernovae are long-standing issues in astrophysics. Here we present ejecta masses and other physical parameters for 28 recent Type Ia supernovae inferred from multiband photometric and optical spectroscopic data. Our results confirm that the majority of SNe Ia showobservableejecta masses below the Chandrasekhar-limit (having a meanMej≈ 1.1 ± 0.3M⊙), consistent with the predictions of recent sub-MChexplosion models. They are compatible with models assuming either single- or double-degenerate progenitor configurations. We also recover a sub-sample of supernovae within 1.2M⊙<Mej< 1.5M⊙that are consistent with near-Chandrasekhar explosions. Taking into account the uncertainties of the inferred ejecta masses, about half of our SNe are compatible with both explosion models. We compare our results with those in previous studies, and discuss the caveats and concerns regarding the applied methodology.
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- PAR ID:
- 10542355
- Author(s) / Creator(s):
- ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; more »
- Publisher / Repository:
- PASP
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific
- Volume:
- 136
- Issue:
- 9
- ISSN:
- 0004-6280
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 094201
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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