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1. Plasmon-enhanced electrochemical oxidation of 4-(hydroxymethyl)benzoic acid

   https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0106914  

   Qiu, Jingjing; Boskin, Daniel; Oleson, Dallas; Wu, Weiming; Anderson, Marc (August 2022, The Journal of Chemical Physics)

   Plasmon-mediated electrocatalysis based on plasmonic gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) has emerged as a promising approach to facilitate electrochemical reactions with the introduction of light to excite the plasmonic electrodes. We have investigated the electrochemical oxidation of 4-(hydroxymethyl)benzoic acid (4-HMBA) on gold (Au), nickel (Ni), and platinum (Pt) metal working electrodes in alkaline electrolytes. Au has the lowest onset potential for catalyzing the electrooxidation of 4-HMBA among the three metals in base, whereas Pt does not catalyze the electrooxidation of 4-HMBA under alkaline conditions, although it is conventionally a good electrocatalyst for alcohol oxidation. Both 4-carboxybenzaldehyde and terephthalic acid are detected as the products of electrochemical oxidation of 4-HMBA on the Au working electrode by high-performance liquid chromatography . The electrodeposited Au NPs on indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass is further utilized as the working electrode for the 4-HMBA electrooxidation. With its broad absorption in the visible and near-infrared range, we show that the Au NPs on the ITO electrode could enhance the electrochemical oxidation of 4-HMBA under green and red LED light illuminations (505 and 625 nm). A possible reaction mechanism is proposed for the electrochemical oxidation of 4-HMBA on Au working electrodes in an alkaline electrolyte. 

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2. From 5-Hydroxynicotinic Acid to Nitrogenous (4+3)-Cycloadducts

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   S. Harmata, Alexander (January 2020, Organic Syntheses)
3. Formal [4 + 4]-, [4 + 3]-, and [4 + 2]-cycloaddition reactions of donor–acceptor cyclobutenes, cyclopropenes and siloxyalkynes induced by Brønsted acid catalysis

   https://doi.org/10.1039/d1sc00158b  

   Zheng, Haifeng; Wang, Rui; Wang, Kan; Wherritt, Daniel; Arman, Hadi; Doyle, Michael P. (April 2021, Chemical Science)

   null (Ed.)

   Brønsted acid catalyzed formal [4 + 4]-, [4 + 3]-, and [4 + 2]-cycloadditions of donor–acceptor cyclobutenes, cyclopropenes, and siloxyalkynes with benzopyrylium ions are reported. [4 + 2]-cyclization/deMayo-type ring-extension cascade processes produce highly functionalized benzocyclooctatrienes, benzocycloheptatrienes, and 2-naphthols in good to excellent yields and selectivities. Moreover, the optical purity of reactant donor–acceptor cyclobutenes is fully retained during the cascade. The 1,3-dicarbonyl product framework of the reaction products provides opportunities for salen-type ligand syntheses and the construction of fused pyrazoles and isoxazoles that reveal a novel rotamer-diastereoisomerism. 

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4. Poly(4-ketovalerolactone) from Levulinic Acid: Synthesis and Hydrolytic Degradation

   https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00787  

   Xu, Shu; Wang, Yuanxian; Hoye, Thomas R. (April 2020, Macromolecules)
5. 4-Carboalkoxylated Polyvalerolactones from Malic Acid: Tough and Degradable Polyesters

   https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00212  

   Fahnhorst, Grant W.; De Hoe, Guilhem X.; Hillmyer, Marc A.; Hoye, Thomas R. (April 2020, Macromolecules)