skip to main content


This content will become publicly available on November 1, 2025

Title: First Measurement of Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering on the Neutron with Detection of the Active Neutron

Measuring deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) on the neutron is one of the necessary steps to understand the structure of the nucleon in terms of generalized parton distributions (GPDs). Neutron targets play a complementary role to transversely polarized proton targets in the determination of the GPDE. This poorly known and poorly constrained GPD is essential to obtain the contribution of the quarks’ angular momentum to the spin of the nucleon. DVCS on the neutron was measured for the first time selecting the exclusive final state by detecting the neutron, using the Jefferson Lab longitudinally polarized electron beam, with energies up to 10.6 GeV, and the CLAS12 detector. The extracted beam-spin asymmetries, combined with DVCS observables measured on the proton, allow a clean quark-flavor separation of the imaginary parts of the Compton form factorsHandE.

Published by the American Physical Society2024 
more » « less
Award ID(s):
2012826
PAR ID:
10564684
Author(s) / Creator(s):
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; more » ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; « less
Corporate Creator(s):
Publisher / Repository:
Phys Rev Letters
Date Published:
Journal Name:
Physical Review Letters
Volume:
133
Issue:
21
ISSN:
0031-9007
Format(s):
Medium: X
Sponsoring Org:
National Science Foundation
More Like this
  1. By leveraging the physics of the Higgs branch, we argue that the conformal central chargesaandcof an arbitrary 4DN=2superconformal field theory (SCFT) are rational numbers. Our proof of the rationality ofcis conditioned on a well-supported conjecture about how the Higgs branch of an SCFT is encoded in its protected chiral algebra. To establish the rationality ofa, we further rely on a widely believed technical assumption on the high-temperature limit of the superconformal index.

    Published by the American Physical Society2024 
    more » « less
  2. We calculate target-material responses for dark matter–electron scattering at the all-electron level using atom-centered Gaussian basis sets. The all-electron effects enhance the material response at high momentum transfers from dark matter to electrons,qO(10αme), compared to calculations using conventional plane wave methods, including those used in ; this enhances the expected event rates at energy transfersE10eV, especially when scattering through heavy mediators. We carefully test a range of systematic uncertainties in the theory calculation, including those arising from the choice of basis set, exchange-correlation functional, number of unit cells in the Bloch sum,k-mesh, and neglect of scatters with very high momentum transfers. We provide state-of-the-art crystal form factors, focusing on silicon and germanium. Our code and results are made publicly available as a new tool, called (“”).

    Published by the American Physical Society2024 
    more » « less
  3. A search for hidden-charm pentaquark states decaying to a range ofΣcD¯andΛc+D¯final states, as well as doubly charmed pentaquark states toΣcDandΛc+D, is made using samples of proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of5.7fb1recorded by the LHCb detector ats=13TeV. Since no significant signals are found, upper limits are set on the pentaquark yields relative to that of theΛc+baryon in theΛc+pKπ+decay mode. The known pentaquark states are also investigated, and their signal yields are found to be consistent with zero in all cases.

    © 2024 CERN, for the LHCb Collaboration2024CERN 
    more » « less
  4. The ALICE Collaboration reports the measurement of semi-inclusive distributions of charged-particle jets recoiling from a high transverse momentum (highpT) hadron trigger in proton-proton and central Pb-Pb collisions atsNN=5.02TeV. A data-driven statistical method is used to mitigate the large uncorrelated background in central Pb-Pb collisions. Recoil jet distributions are reported for jet resolution parameterR=0.2, 0.4, and 0.5 in the range7<pT,jet<140GeV/cand trigger-recoil jet azimuthal separationπ/2<Δφ<π. The measurements exhibit a marked medium-induced jet yield enhancement at lowpTand at large azimuthal deviation fromΔφπ. The enhancement is characterized by its dependence onΔφ, which has a slope that differs from zero by4.7σ. Comparisons to model calculations incorporating different formulations of jet quenching are reported. These comparisons indicate that the observed yield enhancement arises from the response of the QGP medium to jet propagation.

    <supplementary-material><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2024 CERN, for the ALICE Collaboration</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder>CERN</copyright-holder></permissions></supplementary-material></sec> </div> <a href='#' class='show open-abstract' style='margin-left:10px;'>more »</a> <a href='#' class='hide close-abstract' style='margin-left:10px;'>« less</a> </div><div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </li> <li> <div class="article item document" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/TechArticle"> <div class="item-info"> <div class="title"> <a href="https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10549894-search-stealth-supersymmetry-final-states-two-photons-jets-low-missing-transverse-momentum-proton-proton-collisions" itemprop="url"> <span class='span-link' itemprop="name">Search for stealth supersymmetry in final states with two photons, jets, and low missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at s=13  TeV</span> </a> </div> <div> <strong> <a class="misc external-link" href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.109.112009" target="_blank" title="Link to document DOI">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.109.112009  <span class="fas fa-external-link-alt"></span></a> </strong> </div> <div class="metadata"> <span class="authors"> <span class="author" itemprop="author">Hayrapetyan, A</span> <span class="sep">; </span><span class="author" itemprop="author">Tumasyan, A</span> <span class="sep">; </span><span class="author" itemprop="author">Adam, W</span> <span class="sep">; </span><span class="author" itemprop="author">Andrejkovic, J W</span> <span class="sep">; </span><span class="author" itemprop="author">Bergauer, T</span> <span class="sep">; </span><span class="author" itemprop="author">Chatterjee, S</span> <span class="sep">; </span><span class="author" itemprop="author">Damanakis, K</span> <span class="sep">; </span><span class="author" itemprop="author">Dragicevic, M</span> <span class="sep">; </span><span class="author" itemprop="author">Del_Valle, A Escalante</span> <span class="sep">; </span><span class="author" itemprop="author">Hussain, P S</span> <span class="sep">; </span><span class="author">et al</span></span> <span class="year">( <time itemprop="datePublished" datetime="2024-06-01">June 2024</time> , Physical Review D) </span> </div> <div style="cursor: pointer;-webkit-line-clamp: 5;" class="abstract" itemprop="description"> <p>The results of a search for stealth supersymmetry in final states with two photons and jets, targeting a phase space region with low missing transverse momentum (<math display='inline'><mrow><msubsup><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>miss</mi></mrow></msubsup></mrow></math>), are reported. The study is based on a sample of proton-proton collisions at<math display='inline'><mrow><msqrt><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>13</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mrow><mi>TeV</mi></mrow></mrow></math>collected by the CMS experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of<math display='inline'><mn>138</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><msup><mi>fb</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math>. As LHC results continue to constrain the parameter space of the minimal supersymmetric standard model, the low<math display='inline'><mrow><msubsup><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>miss</mi></mrow></msubsup></mrow></math>regime is increasingly valuable to explore. To estimate the backgrounds due to standard model processes in such events, we apply corrections derived from simulation to an estimate based on a control selection in data. The results are interpreted in the context of simplified stealth supersymmetry models with gluino and squark pair production. The observed data are consistent with the standard model predictions, and gluino (squark) masses of up to 2150 (1850) GeV are excluded at the 95% confidence level.</p> <sec><title/><supplementary-material><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2024 CERN, for the CMS Collaboration</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder>CERN</copyright-holder></permissions></supplementary-material></sec> </div> <a href='#' class='show open-abstract' style='margin-left:10px;'>more »</a> <a href='#' class='hide close-abstract' style='margin-left:10px;'>« less</a> </div><div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </li> </ol> <div class="push_top"></div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-3"> <div id="citation-sidebar"> <ul class="nav nav-list" id="citation-fulltext-sidebar" style="font-size: 14px; font-family: Georgia Regular;"> <li style="font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 5px; font-size:13px;">Free Publicly Accessible Full Text</li> <li class="small"> This content will become publicly available on November 1, 2025</li> <li class="divider"></li> <li style="font-weight: bold;font-size:13px;">Journal Article:</li> <li style="word-break:break-all" class="small"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.211903" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" title="Document DOI URL" class="external-link" data-ostiid="10564684" style="word-wrap: break-word;">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.211903  <span class="fas fa-external-link-alt"></span></a></li> </ul> <div class="hidden-print"> <ul class="nav nav-list clearfix" id="sidebar-feedback" style="margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; clear: both;"> <li style="position: relative;"> <div class="feedback-container"> <div style="font-family: Georgia Regular; font-size: 14px; color: #313b52; padding:20px;"> Have feedback or suggestions for a way to improve these results?<br/> <span style="text-decoration: underline;"> <script type="text/javascript" defer>/* <![CDATA[ */ user = "feedback"; site = "research.gov"; subject = "?subject=Comments or Suggestions"; content = "<span class='fa fa-envelope'></span><span class='span-link' style='padding-left:5px'>Let us know</span>"; id = ""; document.write('<a itemprop="'+ id +'" href="mailto:' + user + '@' + site + subject + '">' + (content != '' ? content : (user + '@' + site)) + '</a>'); /* ]]> */</script> <noscript></noscript>!</span> </div> </li> </ul> <ul class="nav nav-list" style="font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial Regular;"> <li class="nav-header header-format">Citation Formats</li> <li class="links-format"><a href="#cite-mla" data-toggle="modal">MLA</a> <div id="cite-mla" class="modal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="cite-mla_label" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">×</button> <strong id="cite-mla_label">Cite: MLA Format</strong> </div> <div class="modal-body" >Hobart, A, Niccolai, S, Čuić, M, Kumerički, K, Achenbach, P, Alvarado, J S, Armstrong, W R, Atac, H, Avakian, H, Baashen, L, Baltzell, N A, Barion, L, Bashkanov, M, Battaglieri, M, Benkel, B, Benmokhtar, F, Bianconi, A, Biselli, A S, Boiarinov, S, Bondi, M, Booth, W A, Bossù, F, Brinkmann, K-Th, Briscoe, W J, Brooks, W K, Bueltmann, S, Burkert, V D, Cao, T, Capobianco, R, Carman, D S, Chatagnon, P, Ciullo, G, Cole, P L, Contalbrigo, M, D’Angelo, A, Dashyan, N, De_Vita, R, Defurne, M, Deur, A, Diehl, S, Dilks, C, Djalali, C, Dupre, R, Egiyan, H, Alaoui, A El, Fassi, L El, Elouadrhiri, L, Fegan, S, Filippi, A, Fogler, C, Gates, K, Gavalian, G, Gilfoyle, G P, Glazier, D, Gothe, R W, Gotra, Y, Guidal, M, Hafidi, K, Hakobyan, H, Hattawy, M, Hauenstein, F, Heddle, D, Holtrop, M, Ilieva, Y, Ireland, D G, Isupov, E L, Jiang, H, Jo, H S, Joo, K, Kageya, T, Kim, A, Kim, W, Klimenko, V, Kripko, A, Kubarovsky, V, Kuhn, S E, Lanza, L, Leali, M, Lee, S, Lenisa, P, Li, X, MacGregor, I_J D, Marchand, D, Mascagna, V, Maynes, M, McKinnon, B, Meziani, Z E, Migliorati, S, Milner, R G, Mineeva, T, Mirazita, M, Mokeev, V, Camacho, C Muñoz, Nadel-Turonski, P, Naidoo, P, Neupane, K, Niculescu, G, Osipenko, M, Pandey, P, Paolone, M, Pappalardo, L L, Paremuzyan, R, Pasyuk, E, Paul, S J, Phelps, W, Pilleux, N, Pokhrel, M, Rafael, S Polcher, Poudel, J, Price, J W, Prok, Y, Reed, T, Richards, J, Ripani, M, Ritman, J, Rossi, P, Golubenko, A A, Salgado, C, Schadmand, S, Schmidt, A, Scott, Marshall_B C, Seroka, E M, Sharabian, Y G, Shirokov, E V, Shrestha, U, Sparveris, N, Spreafico, M, Stepanyan, S, Strakovsky, I I, Strauch, S, Tan, J A, Trotta, N, Tyson, R, Ungaro, M, Vallarino, S, Venturelli, L, Tommaso, V, Voskanyan, H, Voutier, E, Watts, D P, Wei, X, Williams, R, Wood, M H, Xu, L, Zachariou, N, Zhang, J, Zhao, Z W, and Zurek, M. <em>First Measurement of Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering on the Neutron with Detection of the Active Neutron</em>. Retrieved from https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10564684. <em>Physical Review Letters</em> 133.21 Web. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.211903. </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button class="btn btn-sm btn-default" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">Close</button> </div> </div> </div> </div></li> <li class="links-format"><a href="#cite-apa" data-toggle="modal">APA</a> <div id="cite-apa" class="modal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="cite-apa_label" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">×</button> <strong id="cite-apa_label">Cite: APA Format</strong> </div> <div class="modal-body">Hobart, A, Niccolai, S, Čuić, M, Kumerički, K, Achenbach, P, Alvarado, J S, Armstrong, W R, Atac, H, Avakian, H, Baashen, L, Baltzell, N A, Barion, L, Bashkanov, M, Battaglieri, M, Benkel, B, Benmokhtar, F, Bianconi, A, Biselli, A S, Boiarinov, S, Bondi, M, Booth, W A, Bossù, F, Brinkmann, K-Th, Briscoe, W J, Brooks, W K, Bueltmann, S, Burkert, V D, Cao, T, Capobianco, R, Carman, D S, Chatagnon, P, Ciullo, G, Cole, P L, Contalbrigo, M, D’Angelo, A, Dashyan, N, De_Vita, R, Defurne, M, Deur, A, Diehl, S, Dilks, C, Djalali, C, Dupre, R, Egiyan, H, Alaoui, A El, Fassi, L El, Elouadrhiri, L, Fegan, S, Filippi, A, Fogler, C, Gates, K, Gavalian, G, Gilfoyle, G P, Glazier, D, Gothe, R W, Gotra, Y, Guidal, M, Hafidi, K, Hakobyan, H, Hattawy, M, Hauenstein, F, Heddle, D, Holtrop, M, Ilieva, Y, Ireland, D G, Isupov, E L, Jiang, H, Jo, H S, Joo, K, Kageya, T, Kim, A, Kim, W, Klimenko, V, Kripko, A, Kubarovsky, V, Kuhn, S E, Lanza, L, Leali, M, Lee, S, Lenisa, P, Li, X, MacGregor, I_J D, Marchand, D, Mascagna, V, Maynes, M, McKinnon, B, Meziani, Z E, Migliorati, S, Milner, R G, Mineeva, T, Mirazita, M, Mokeev, V, Camacho, C Muñoz, Nadel-Turonski, P, Naidoo, P, Neupane, K, Niculescu, G, Osipenko, M, Pandey, P, Paolone, M, Pappalardo, L L, Paremuzyan, R, Pasyuk, E, Paul, S J, Phelps, W, Pilleux, N, Pokhrel, M, Rafael, S Polcher, Poudel, J, Price, J W, Prok, Y, Reed, T, Richards, J, Ripani, M, Ritman, J, Rossi, P, Golubenko, A A, Salgado, C, Schadmand, S, Schmidt, A, Scott, Marshall_B C, Seroka, E M, Sharabian, Y G, Shirokov, E V, Shrestha, U, Sparveris, N, Spreafico, M, Stepanyan, S, Strakovsky, I I, Strauch, S, Tan, J A, Trotta, N, Tyson, R, Ungaro, M, Vallarino, S, Venturelli, L, Tommaso, V, Voskanyan, H, Voutier, E, Watts, D P, Wei, X, Williams, R, Wood, M H, Xu, L, Zachariou, N, Zhang, J, Zhao, Z W, & Zurek, M. <em>First Measurement of Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering on the Neutron with Detection of the Active Neutron</em>. <em>Physical Review Letters</em>, <em>133</em> (21). Retrieved from https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10564684. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.211903">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.211903</a> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button class="btn btn-sm btn-default" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">Close</button> </div> </div> </div> </div></li> <li class="links-format"><a href="#cite-chi" data-toggle="modal">Chicago</a> <div id="cite-chi" class="modal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="cite-chi_label" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">×</button> <strong id="cite-chi_label">Cite: Chicago Format</strong> </div> <div class="modal-body">Hobart, A, Niccolai, S, Čuić, M, Kumerički, K, Achenbach, P, Alvarado, J S, Armstrong, W R, Atac, H, Avakian, H, Baashen, L, Baltzell, N A, Barion, L, Bashkanov, M, Battaglieri, M, Benkel, B, Benmokhtar, F, Bianconi, A, Biselli, A S, Boiarinov, S, Bondi, M, Booth, W A, Bossù, F, Brinkmann, K-Th, Briscoe, W J, Brooks, W K, Bueltmann, S, Burkert, V D, Cao, T, Capobianco, R, Carman, D S, Chatagnon, P, Ciullo, G, Cole, P L, Contalbrigo, M, D’Angelo, A, Dashyan, N, De_Vita, R, Defurne, M, Deur, A, Diehl, S, Dilks, C, Djalali, C, Dupre, R, Egiyan, H, Alaoui, A El, Fassi, L El, Elouadrhiri, L, Fegan, S, Filippi, A, Fogler, C, Gates, K, Gavalian, G, Gilfoyle, G P, Glazier, D, Gothe, R W, Gotra, Y, Guidal, M, Hafidi, K, Hakobyan, H, Hattawy, M, Hauenstein, F, Heddle, D, Holtrop, M, Ilieva, Y, Ireland, D G, Isupov, E L, Jiang, H, Jo, H S, Joo, K, Kageya, T, Kim, A, Kim, W, Klimenko, V, Kripko, A, Kubarovsky, V, Kuhn, S E, Lanza, L, Leali, M, Lee, S, Lenisa, P, Li, X, MacGregor, I_J D, Marchand, D, Mascagna, V, Maynes, M, McKinnon, B, Meziani, Z E, Migliorati, S, Milner, R G, Mineeva, T, Mirazita, M, Mokeev, V, Camacho, C Muñoz, Nadel-Turonski, P, Naidoo, P, Neupane, K, Niculescu, G, Osipenko, M, Pandey, P, Paolone, M, Pappalardo, L L, Paremuzyan, R, Pasyuk, E, Paul, S J, Phelps, W, Pilleux, N, Pokhrel, M, Rafael, S Polcher, Poudel, J, Price, J W, Prok, Y, Reed, T, Richards, J, Ripani, M, Ritman, J, Rossi, P, Golubenko, A A, Salgado, C, Schadmand, S, Schmidt, A, Scott, Marshall_B C, Seroka, E M, Sharabian, Y G, Shirokov, E V, Shrestha, U, Sparveris, N, Spreafico, M, Stepanyan, S, Strakovsky, I I, Strauch, S, Tan, J A, Trotta, N, Tyson, R, Ungaro, M, Vallarino, S, Venturelli, L, Tommaso, V, Voskanyan, H, Voutier, E, Watts, D P, Wei, X, Williams, R, Wood, M H, Xu, L, Zachariou, N, Zhang, J, Zhao, Z W, and Zurek, M. "First Measurement of Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering on the Neutron with Detection of the Active Neutron". <em>Physical Review Letters</em> 133 (21). Country unknown/Code not available: Phys Rev Letters. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.211903">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.211903.</a> <a href="https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10564684">https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10564684</a>. </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button class="btn btn-sm btn-default" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">Close</button> </div> </div> </div> </div></li> <li class="links-format"><a href="#cite-bib" data-toggle="modal">BibTeX</a> <div id="cite-bib" class="modal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="cite-bib_label" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">×</button> <strong id="cite-bib_label">Cite: BibTeX Format</strong> </div> <div class="modal-body"> @article{osti_10564684,<br/> place = {Country unknown/Code not available}, title = {First Measurement of Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering on the Neutron with Detection of the Active Neutron}, url = {https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10564684}, DOI = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.211903}, abstractNote = {Measuring deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) on the neutron is one of the necessary steps to understand the structure of the nucleon in terms of generalized parton distributions (GPDs). Neutron targets play a complementary role to transversely polarized proton targets in the determination of the GPDE. This poorly known and poorly constrained GPD is essential to obtain the contribution of the quarks’ angular momentum to the spin of the nucleon. DVCS on the neutron was measured for the first time selecting the exclusive final state by detecting the neutron, using the Jefferson Lab longitudinally polarized electron beam, with energies up to 10.6 GeV, and the CLAS12 detector. The extracted beam-spin asymmetries, combined with DVCS observables measured on the proton, allow a clean quark-flavor separation of the imaginary parts of the Compton form factorsHandE. Published by the American Physical Society2024}, journal = {Physical Review Letters}, volume = {133}, number = {21}, publisher = {Phys Rev Letters}, author = {Hobart, A and Niccolai, S and Čuić, M and Kumerički, K and Achenbach, P and Alvarado, J S and Armstrong, W R and Atac, H and Avakian, H and Baashen, L and Baltzell, N A and Barion, L and Bashkanov, M and Battaglieri, M and Benkel, B and Benmokhtar, F and Bianconi, A and Biselli, A S and Boiarinov, S and Bondi, M and Booth, W A and Bossù, F and Brinkmann, K-Th and Briscoe, W J and Brooks, W K and Bueltmann, S and Burkert, V D and Cao, T and Capobianco, R and Carman, D S and Chatagnon, P and Ciullo, G and Cole, P L and Contalbrigo, M and D’Angelo, A and Dashyan, N and De_Vita, R and Defurne, M and Deur, A and Diehl, S and Dilks, C and Djalali, C and Dupre, R and Egiyan, H and Alaoui, A El and Fassi, L El and Elouadrhiri, L and Fegan, S and Filippi, A and Fogler, C and Gates, K and Gavalian, G and Gilfoyle, G P and Glazier, D and Gothe, R W and Gotra, Y and Guidal, M and Hafidi, K and Hakobyan, H and Hattawy, M and Hauenstein, F and Heddle, D and Holtrop, M and Ilieva, Y and Ireland, D G and Isupov, E L and Jiang, H and Jo, H S and Joo, K and Kageya, T and Kim, A and Kim, W and Klimenko, V and Kripko, A and Kubarovsky, V and Kuhn, S E and Lanza, L and Leali, M and Lee, S and Lenisa, P and Li, X and MacGregor, I_J D and Marchand, D and Mascagna, V and Maynes, M and McKinnon, B and Meziani, Z E and Migliorati, S and Milner, R G and Mineeva, T and Mirazita, M and Mokeev, V and Camacho, C Muñoz and Nadel-Turonski, P and Naidoo, P and Neupane, K and Niculescu, G and Osipenko, M and Pandey, P and Paolone, M and Pappalardo, L L and Paremuzyan, R and Pasyuk, E and Paul, S J and Phelps, W and Pilleux, N and Pokhrel, M and Rafael, S Polcher and Poudel, J and Price, J W and Prok, Y and Reed, T and Richards, J and Ripani, M and Ritman, J and Rossi, P and Golubenko, A A and Salgado, C and Schadmand, S and Schmidt, A and Scott, Marshall_B C and Seroka, E M and Sharabian, Y G and Shirokov, E V and Shrestha, U and Sparveris, N and Spreafico, M and Stepanyan, S and Strakovsky, I I and Strauch, S and Tan, J A and Trotta, N and Tyson, R and Ungaro, M and Vallarino, S and Venturelli, L and Tommaso, V and Voskanyan, H and Voutier, E and Watts, D P and Wei, X and Williams, R and Wood, M H and Xu, L and Zachariou, N and Zhang, J and Zhao, Z W and Zurek, M}, }</div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button class="btn btn-sm btn-default" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">Close</button> </div> </div> </div> </div></li> <li class="divider"></li> </ul> <ul class="nav nav-list" style="font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial Regular;"> <li class="nav-header header-format">Export Metadata</li> <li class="links-format"><a href="https://par.nsf.gov/endnote?osti_id=10564684">EndNote</a></li> <li class="links-format"><a href="https://par.nsf.gov/export/format:excel/osti-id:10564684">Excel</a></li> <li class="links-format"><a href="https://par.nsf.gov/export/format:csv/osti-id:10564684">CSV</a></li> <li class="links-format"><a href="https://par.nsf.gov/export/format:xml/osti-id:10564684">XML</a></li> <li class="divider"></li> </ul> <ul class="nav nav-list" style="font-size: 14px; font-family: Arial Regular;"> <li class="nav-header header-format">Save / Share this Record</li> <li class="links-format"><a href="#shareemail" data-toggle="modal">Send to Email</a> <div id="shareemail" class="modal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="shareemail_label" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">×</button> <strong id="shareemail_label" style="margin: 0px;">Send to Email</strong> </div> <form id="sendtoemail-form" style="margin-bottom: 0px;"> <div class="modal-body" id="shareemail_body"> <div class="modal-body-default"> <label for="sendtoemail-email">Email address:</label><br/> <input type="text" name="email" value="" class="col-md-5 input-sm form-control" id="sendtoemail-email"/> <input type="hidden" name="osti_id" id="sendtoemail-osti_id" value="10564684" /> <input type="hidden" name="subject" id="sendtoemail-subject" /> <div class="clearfix"></div> <div class="hide"><label for="sendtoemail-body">Content:</label></div> <textarea name="body" id="sendtoemail-body" style="display:none;"></textarea> </div> <div class="modal-body-submitted hide"> </div> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button class="btn btn-sm btn-default" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">Close</button> <button class="btn btn-sm btn-default" aria-hidden="true" type="submit" id="shareemail_submit"> <span class="fa fa-envelope"></span> Send </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="push_top"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <input type="hidden" id="host_url" value="https://par.nsf.gov"/> <input type="hidden" id="base_url" value="/"/> <input type="hidden" id="param_osti_id" value="10564684"/> <span id="highlight-data"> </span> </div> </div> <footer class="row" id="footer-wrapper"> <div class="footer-content"> <div id="footerOSTI" class=" hidden-print"> <ul> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="http://www.nsf.gov/policies/">Website Policies</a> | <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="http://www.nsf.gov/about/performance/">Budget and Performance</a> | <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="http://www.nsf.gov/oig/">Inspector General</a> | <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="http://www.nsf.gov/policies/privacy.jsp">Privacy</a> | <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="http://www.nsf.gov/policies/foia.jsp">FOIA</a> | <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="http://www.nsf.gov/od/odi/notice.jsp">No FEAR Act</a> | <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="http://usa.gov">USA.gov</a> | <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="http://www.nsf.gov/policies/access.jsp">Accessibility</a> | <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="http://www.nsf.gov/policies/nsf_plain_language.jsp">Plain Language</a> | <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="http://www.nsf.gov/help/contact.jsp">Contact</a> | <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" href="https://nsf.gov/help/">Help</a> </li> </ul> The National Science Foundation, 2415 Eisenhower Avenue, Alexandria, Virginia 22314, USA Tel: (703) 292-5111, FIRS: (800) 877-8339 | TDD: (800) 281-8749 </div> </div> </footer> </div> <div id="authorselect" class="modal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="authorselect_label" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">×</button> <div id="authorselect_label">Author Select</div> </div> <form id="authorselect-form" style="margin-bottom: 0px;"> <input type="hidden" name="pg" id="authorselect-pg" value="1" /> <div class="modal-body" id="authorselect_body"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4"> <label for="authorselect-lname">Last Name:</label><br /> <input type="text" name="lname" class="input-sm form-control" id="authorselect-lname" placeholder="Last name" /><br /> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <label for="authorselect-fname">First Name:</label><br /> <input type="text" name="fname" class="input-sm form-control" id="authorselect-fname" placeholder="First name" /> </div> <div class="col-md-2">  <br /> <a href="#" onclick="$('#authorselect-form').submit(); return false;" class="btn btn-sm btn-default"><span class="fa fa-search"></span><span class="sr-only">Search</span></a> </div> </div> <div class="push_top"></div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <ul class="nav nav-tabs"> <li class="active"><a href="#authorselect-tab-res" id="authorselect-tab-res-btn" data-toggle="tab">Search Results</a></li> <li><a href="#authorselect-tab-sel" id="authorselect-tab-sel-btn" data-toggle="tab">Selected Authors</a></li> </ul> <div class="tab-content"> <div class="tab-pane active" id="authorselect-tab-res" style="max-height: 450px;"> <div class="padding text-muted" id="authorselect-tab-res-content">Type in a name, or the first few letters of a name, in one or both of appropriate search boxes above and select the search button. An attempt will be made to match authors that most closely relate to the text you typed.</div> </div> <div class="tab-pane" id="authorselect-tab-sel" style="max-height: 450px;"> <div class="padding text-muted" id="authorselect-tab-sel-content">No authors are currently selected. Choosing "Select These Authors" will enter a blank value for author search in the parent form.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button class="btn btn-sm btn-default" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">Close</button> <button class="btn btn-sm btn-default" aria-hidden="true" type="button" id="authorselect_review" onclick="$('#authorselect-tab-sel-btn').click();" style="display: none;">Review Selections</button> <button class="btn btn-sm btn-default" aria-hidden="true" type="button" id="authorselect_submit" onclick="authorSelectAddToForm(); $('#authorselect').modal('hide');">Add Selections</button> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div id="editorselect" class="modal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="editorselect_label" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">×</button> <div id="editorselect_label">Editor Select</div> </div> <form id="editorselect-form" style="margin-bottom: 0px;"> <input type="hidden" name="pg" id="editorselect-pg" value="1" /> <div class="modal-body" id="editorselect_body"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4"> <label for="editorselect-lname">Last Name:</label><br /> <input type="text" name="lname" class="input-sm form-control" id="editorselect-lname" placeholder="Last name" /><br /> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <label for="editorselect-fname">First Name:</label><br /> <input type="text" name="fname" class="input-sm form-control" id="editorselect-fname" placeholder="First name" /> </div> <div class="col-md-2">  <br /> <a href="#" onclick="$('#editorselect-form').submit(); return false;" class="btn btn-sm btn-default"><span class="fa fa-search"></span><span class="sr-only">Search</span></a> </div> </div> <div class="push_top"></div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <ul class="nav nav-tabs"> <li class="active"><a href="#editorselect-tab-res" id="editorselect-tab-res-btn" data-toggle="tab">Search Results</a></li> <li><a href="#editorselect-tab-sel" id="editorselect-tab-sel-btn" data-toggle="tab">Selected Editors</a></li> </ul> <div class="tab-content"> <div class="tab-pane active" id="editorselect-tab-res" style="max-height: 450px;"> <div class="padding text-muted" id="editorselect-tab-res-content">Type in a name, or the first few letters of a name, in one or both of appropriate search boxes above and select the search button. An attempt will be made to match editors that most closely relate to the text you typed.</div> </div> <div class="tab-pane" id="editorselect-tab-sel" style="max-height: 450px;"> <div class="padding text-muted" id="editorselect-tab-sel-content">No editors are currently selected. Choosing "Select These Editors" will enter a blank value for editor search in the parent form.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button class="btn btn-sm btn-default" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">Close</button> <button class="btn btn-sm btn-default" aria-hidden="true" type="button" id="editorselect_review" onclick="$('#editorselect-tab-sel-btn').click();" style="display: none;">Review Selections</button> <button class="btn btn-sm btn-default" aria-hidden="true" type="button" id="editorselect_submit" onclick="editorSelectAddToForm();$('#editorselect').modal('hide');">Add Selections</button> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="push_top"></div> <!-- External Link Modal --> <div class="modal fade" id="external-link-modal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog"> <div class="modal-dialog" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close nsf-close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <span aria-hidden="true">×</span> </button> <h4 class="modal-title"><strong>Warning: Leaving National Science Foundation Website</strong></h4> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <div> <img src="https://par.nsf.gov/img/nsf/nsf_logo.png" width="292" height="53" alt="National Science Foundation Logo" border="0" /> </div> <br> <span>You are now leaving the National Science Foundation website to go to a non-government website.</span> <br> <br> Website: <a id="external-link-url" rel='noopener noreferrer' target='_blank'></a> <br> <br> <span> NSF takes no responsibility for and exercises no control over the views expressed or the accuracy of the information contained on this site. Also be aware that NSF's privacy policy does not apply to this site. </span> <br> <br> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <div class="pull-right"> <button id="external-link-continue" type="button" data-extlink="" class="btn btn-primary" data-dismiss="modal"><u>Continue to Site</u></button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default" data-dismiss="modal"><u>Cancel</u></button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- /content --> <input type='hidden' id='webtrend-id' value='dcsngbilzcxafpc7vw2qgbbij_3j2v'/> <input type='hidden' id='js-context-path' value='https://par.nsf.gov/'/> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.7/latest.js?config=TeX-MML-AM_CHTML" defer></script> <script type="text/x-mathjax-config" defer> MathJax.Hub.Config({ tex2jax: {inlineMath: [['$','$'], ['\\(','\\)']]} }); </script> <noscript></noscript> <script src="https://par.nsf.gov/js/context.js" type="text/javascript" defer></script> <noscript>You must have javascript enabled</noscript> <script src="https://par.nsf.gov/js/libraries/jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript" defer></script> <noscript></noscript> <script src="https://par.nsf.gov/chosen/chosen.jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript" defer></script> <noscript></noscript> <script src="https://par.nsf.gov/js/nsf_pages.extras.min.js" type="text/javascript" defer></script> <noscript></noscript> <script src="https://par.nsf.gov/js/nsf_pages.min.js" type="text/javascript" defer></script> <noscript></noscript> <!--$$$$$$$$$ the following blocks are for WebTrends $$$$$$$$--> <!-- START OF SmartSource Data Collector TAG --> <!-- Copyright (c) 1996-2009 WebTrends Inc. All rights reserved. --> <!-- Version: 8.6.2 --> <!-- Tag Builder Version: 3.0 --> <!-- Created: 5/7/2009 8:32:37 PM --> <script src="https://par.nsf.gov/js/webtrends.min.js" type="text/javascript" defer></script> <noscript></noscript> <!-- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --> <!-- Warning: The two script blocks below must remain inline. Moving them to an external --> <!-- JavaScript include file can cause serious problems with cross-domain tracking. --> <!-- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --> <script src="https://par.nsf.gov/js/webtrend-script.min.js" type="text/javascript" defer></script> <noscript> <div><img alt="" id="DCSIMG" width="1" height="1" src="http://wt.research.gov/dcsngbilzcxafpc7vw2qgbbij_3j2v/njs.gif?dcsuri=/nojavascript&WT.js=No&DCS.dcscfg=1&WT.tv=8.6.2"/></div> </noscript> <script src="https://par.nsf.gov/js/webtrendsactions.min.js" type="text/javascript" defer></script> <noscript></noscript> <!-- $$$$$$$$ End WebTrends $$$$$ --> <!-- /scripts --> </body> <!-- NSF PAGES v.@project.version@ --> </html>