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1. Change Your Game / Cambia tu juego Summative Evaluation Report. Unpublished report written for The Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation at the National Museum of American History.

   Sigmond, Cathy; Krantz, Amanda; Heller, Hannah; Jackson, Rachel (September 2024, Kera Collective)

   With funding from a National Science Foundation (NSF) Advancing Informal STEM Learning (AISL) grant #2005404, the Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation at the Smithsonian’s National Museum of American History (NMAH) launched a bilingual exhibition project called Change Your Game / Cambia tu juego. The project developed a STEM exhibition for the Smithsonian’s National Museum of American History on invention and technology in sports with embedded research into visitors’ exploration of inventive identity. This summative evaluation explores the impact of the exhibition on walk-in visitors and the project’s priority audiences: girls/young women ages 10-17; African American boys/young men ages 10-17; people with disabilities of all ages; and Spanish-speaking Latinx visitors of all ages. The summative evaluation of the Change Your Game / Cambia tu juego exhibition indicated that project team members did a good job at identifying stories that represent many different people and sports. Visitors found it novel to consider invention in relation to sports and games, thus serving as an entry point to inventive identity exploration in terms of ontological-epistemological beliefs within audiences’ role as a museum visitor. The exhibition was especially impactful for youth audiences; approximately half of visitors aged 10-17 said they felt more inventive after seeing the exhibit (p. 48). Beyond ontological-epistemological beliefs, the evaluation results are indeterminate about how the exhibition affected audiences in other areas of identity exploration. The evaluation raises questions about inventive identity to be considered along with the research findings for further exploration. We have shared the summative evaluation with the informal science learning (ISL) community at informalscience.org. 

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2. Designing for Diverse Museum Visitors' Identity Exploration around Inventiveness

   Kaplan, Avi; Garner, Joanna K.; Rush, Amani; Klotz, Sharon; Smith, Monica M. (April 2022, Annual meeting program American Educational Research Association)

   This paper describes the conceptual framework, methodology, and findings from an initial phase of research to inform the design of an exhibition at the Smithsonian National Museum of American History (NMAH)on the history of invention and innovation in sports. Organized by the Smithsonian’s Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation, the goal of the exhibition is to promote inventiveness among visitors, with a particular emphasis on those from groups underrepresented in the NMAH visitor population and in the invention ecosystem: adolescent girls, African American Boys, and people with disabilities. The research is framed by the Dynamic Systems Model of Role Identity(DSMRI)—an integrative, complex dynamic system model of identity, motivation, and action—and by a set of design principles for promoting people’s agentic identity exploration. The paper describes the conceptual challenges posed by a situative identity perspective for research that aims to inform environmental design of a context that is not yet in existence and that will become relatively fixed. The paper also describes the conceptual rationale, methodology, and first phase findings from experiential focus groups and interviews with participants from the target audiences, and their implications for the exhibition’s design. 

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3. Building Inventive Identity Through Sport: Change YOUR Game at the Smithsonian’s Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation

   Garner, Joanna K; Grahn, Emma J (September 2024, Association of Science and Technology Centers)

   The Smithsonian’s Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation at the National Museum of American History (NMAH) will unveil its Change Your Game | Cambia tu juego exhibition in March 2024. The bilingual English-Spanish exhibition introduces the central role of inventors, inventions, and technology in the history of sports with an unexpected goal: to empower diverse visitors–with a special focus on adolescent girls, African American youth, and people with disabilities–to explore their own inventiveness and identify themselves as inventive problem solvers who can become "game changers" in their daily lives. In this lightning session on "Games and Play," Garner and Grahn will illuminate the thinking that led to shaping Change Your Game | Cambia tu juego around inventive identity. The conversation will describe how the central concept of identity exploration has informed the design and interpretive strategy of the exhibition, and how these ideas will come to life for the exhibition’s millions of visitors and for those who experience its suite of public programs nationally and internationally. The panelists will detail how the exhibition and its activities provide people of all ages, backgrounds, and interests the opportunity to learn STEAM-related content and practice inventive skills and habits of mind, such as collaboration, creativity, problem-solving, risk-taking, and critical thinking, as tools to explore and develop their inventive identity. Designed to include generative discussion, the session will allow participants to glean principles and concrete strategies for designing environments that aim to shift people’s identities in their own institutions. 

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4. Museum Visitors’ Engagement, Learning, and Identity Exploration Around Inventiveness In Change Your Game | Cambia tu juego

   Garner, Joanna K; Kaplan, Avi (December 2024, self-published)

   Change Your Game | Cambia tu juego (CYG) is a 3,500 square foot bilingual exhibition located in the Lemelson Hall of Invention and Innovation at the Smithsonian Institution’s National Museum of American History in Washington, DC. The exhibition explores invention and technology in sports with embedded research into visitors’ exploration of inventive identity. Uniquely, CYG aims to support history museum visitors to move beyond passively consuming information to make meaning about ways in which the exhibition is personally relevant and to (re)consider inventiveness within their current and future life roles. This research report summarizes how the Dynamic Systems Model of Role Identity (DSMRI) theoretical model and the Visitor Identification and Engagement with STEM (VINES) design principles were applied to the design of the exhibition, and provides an empirical study to address two research questions: RQ1. What theoretical model of inventive identity can we formulate from an analysis of inventive identity indicators and their shifts among diverse visitors? RQ2. What can we conclude about exhibition design principles that the field can use to promote inventive and other STEM identity exploration and change among diverse groups of visitors? A key finding was that CYG supported diverse visitors to construct personal relevance, learn to “re-see” inventiveness as an accessible everyday concept, consider the implications of their inventive experiences in the exhibition to their roles outside the museum, and explore their own identity as an individual with inventive capacities in a variety of life domains. The DSMRI provided a theoretically robust, complex, and dynamic framework to conceptualize inventive identity as a network of invention-related beliefs, goals, self-perceptions, and perceived action possibilities that manifests within a person’s role identity in their lived context (e.g., athlete, parent, student, engineer, citizen). The VINES framework provided a comprehensive set of design principles for the effective operationalization of features in very different types of exhibits (e.g., personal inventor stories, artifacts, interactives) that, across multiple exposures and variable contents and exhibit types, promoted diverse visitors’ inventive identity exploration. We have shared this research report with the informal science learning (ISL) community at informalscience.org. 

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5. Designing for diverse museum visitors’ identity exploration around inventiveness

   https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2023.1078001  

   Kaplan, Avi; Garner, Joanna K; Rush, Amani; Smith, Monica (November 2023, Frontiers in Education)

   IntroductionThis paper describes an initial phase of research to inform the design of Change YOUR Game—an exhibition at the Smithsonian National Museum of American History (NMAH) that aims to promote visitors’ inventiveness in STEM and in other life domains. The exhibition’s content focused on the history of inventions and innovations in sports. The research was framed by the Dynamic Systems Model of Role Identity (DSMRI) and by a set of design principles for promoting visitors’ agentic identity exploration: The PRESS Principles. MethodsFive data collection sessions engaged participants in a virtual, simulated visit to an early rendition of the exhibition. Diverse groups of participants were prompted to consider the self-relevance of the exhibition content to their identities and how they have been and can be inventive in their lives. ResultsFour themes captured participants’ museum visitor role identities, varied readiness to engage in identity exploration of their inventiveness, and how these provided affordances and hindrances to participants’ engagement in identity exploration in the context of the simulated visit. The themes served as bases for design recommendations. DiscussionThe study highlights the potential of the DSMRI and PRESS design principles to address conceptual and methodological challenges of research that aims to inform environmental design of a context that is not yet in existence and that will be relatively fixed. The findings suggest recommendations for design as well as theoretical insights about museum visitor role identities and the contexts that may promote visitors’ active and agentic engagement in exploring their identities. 

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