Abstract We present the discovery of TOI-6303b and TOI-6330b, two massive transiting super-Jupiters orbiting a M0 and a M2 dwarf star, respectively, as part of the Searching for Giant Exoplanets around M-dwarf Stars (GEMS) survey. These were detected by NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite and then confirmed via ground-based photometry and radial velocity observations with the Habitable-zone Planet Finder. TOI-6303b has a mass of 7.84 ± 0.31MJ, a radius of 1.03 ± 0.06RJ, and an orbital period of 9.485 days. TOI-6330b has a mass of 10.00 ± 0.31MJ, a radius of 0.97 ± 0.03RJ, and an orbital period of 6.850 days. We put these planets in the context of super-Jupiters around M dwarfs discovered from radial-velocity surveys, as well as recent discoveries from astrometry. These planets have masses that can be attributed to two dominant planet formation mechanisms—gravitational instability and core accretion. Their masses necessitate massive protoplanetary disks that should either be gravitationally unstable, i.e., forming through gravitational instability, or be among the most massive protoplanetary disks known to date to form objects through core accretion. We also discuss their possible migration mechanisms via their eccentricity distribution.
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TOI 762 A b and TIC 46432937 b: Two Giant Planets Transiting M-dwarf Stars
Abstract We present the discovery of TOI 762 A b and TIC 46432937 b, two giant planets transiting M-dwarf stars. Transits of both systems were first detected from observations by the NASA TESS mission, and the transiting objects are confirmed as planets through high-precision radial velocity observations carried out with Very Large Telescope/ESPRESSO. TOI 762 A b is a warm sub-Saturn with a mass of 0.251 ± 0.042MJ, a radius of 0.744 ± 0.017RJ, and an orbital period of 3.4717 days. It transits a mid-M-dwarf star with a mass of 0.442 ± 0.025M☉and a radius of 0.4250 ± 0.0091R☉. The star TOI 762 A has a resolved binary star companion, TOI 762 B, that is separated from TOI 762 A by 3.″2 (∼319 au) and has an estimated mass of 0.227 ± 0.010M☉. The planet TIC 46432937 b is a warm super-Jupiter with a mass of 3.20 ± 0.11MJand radius of 1.188 ± 0.030RJ. The planet’s orbital period isP= 1.4404 days, and it undergoes grazing transits of its early M-dwarf host star, which has a mass of 0.563 ± 0.029M☉and a radius of 0.5299 ± 0.0091R☉. TIC 46432937 b is one of the highest-mass planets found to date transiting an M-dwarf star. TIC 46432937 b is also a promising target for atmospheric observations, having the highest transmission spectroscopy metric or emission spectroscopy metric value of any known warm super-Jupiter (mass greater than 3.0MJ, equilibrium temperature below 1000 K).
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- Award ID(s):
- 1945633
- PAR ID:
- 10582943
- Author(s) / Creator(s):
- ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; more »
- Publisher / Repository:
- American Astronomical Society
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- The Astronomical Journal
- Volume:
- 168
- Issue:
- 5
- ISSN:
- 0004-6256
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 202
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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