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Abstract The minerals carrying the magnetic remanence in geological samples are commonly a solid solution series of iron‐titanium spinels known as titanomagnetites. Despite the range of possible compositions within this series, micromagnetic studies that characterize the magnetic domain structures present in these minerals have typically focused on magnetite. No studies systematically comparing the domain‐states present in titanomagnetites have been undertaken since the discovery of the single vortex (SV) structure and the advent of modern micromagnetism. The magnetic properties of the titanomagnetite series are known to vary strongly with composition, which may influence the domain states present in these minerals, and therefore the magnetic stability of the samples bearing them. We present results from micromagnetic simulations of titanomagnetite ellipsoids of varying shape and composition to find the size ranges of the single domain (SD) and SV structures. These size ranges overlap, allowing for regions where the SD and SV structures are both available. These regions are of interest as they may lead to magnetic instability and “partial thermal remanent magnetization (pTRM) tails” in paleointensity experiments. We find that although this SD + SV zone occupies a narrow range of sizes for equidimensional magnetite, it is widest for intermediate (TM30‐40) titanomagnetite compositions, and increases for both oblate and prolate particles, with some compositions and sizes having an SD + SV zone up to 100s of nm wide. Our results help to explain the prevalence of pTRM tail‐like behavior in paleointensity experiments. They also highlight regions of particles with unusual domain states to target for further investigation into the definitive mechanism behind paleointensity failure.
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Micromagnetic Determination of the FORC Response of Paleomagnetically Significant Magnetite Assemblages
Abstract Micromagnetic modeling allows the systematic study of the effects of particle size and shape on the first‐order reversal curve (FORC) magnetic hysteresis response for magnetite particles in the single‐domain (SD) and pseudo‐single domain (PSD) particle size range. The interpretation of FORCs, though widely used, has been highly subjective. Here, we use micromagnetics to model randomly oriented distributions of particles to allow more physically meaningful interpretations. We show that one commonly found type of PSD particle—namely the single vortex (SV) particle—has far more complex signals than SD particles, with multiple peaks and troughs in the FORC distribution, where the peaks have higher switching fields for larger SV particles. Particles in the SD to SV transition zone have the lowest switching fields. Symmetrical and prolate particles display similar behavior, with distinctive peaks forming near the vertical axis of the FORC diagram. In contrast, highly oblate particles produce “butterfly” structures, suggesting that these are potentially diagnostic of particle morphology. We also consider FORC diagrams for distributions of particle sizes and shapes and produce an online application that users can use to build their own FORC distributions. There is good agreement between the model predictions for distributions of particle sizes and shapes, and the published experimental literature.
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- Award ID(s):
- 2245628
- PAR ID:
- 10588753
- Publisher / Repository:
- AGU
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems
- Volume:
- 25
- Issue:
- 7
- ISSN:
- 1525-2027
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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- Free Publicly Accessible Full Text
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Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Article:
- https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GC011465
