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1. Seismicity from the deep magma system

   https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abc2452  

   Matoza, Robin S. (May 2020, Science)
2. Investigating the Magma Dynamics at Huaynaputina Volcano

   Wheeler, Kira; Georgeais, Guillaume; Moussallam, Yves (December 2024, American Geophysical Union)

   Magma ascent rate is a challenging parameter to constrain yet a crucial element to investigate magma dynamics. The 1600 eruption of the Huaynaputina volcano was the largest recorded eruption in South America, with an impact area that now hosts approximately a quarter of Peru's population. The aim of this study is to investigate the magma ascent rate of the initial Plinian phase of the eruption using pyroclast texture. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to image several pumice clasts. The images were then cleaned and processed using the Fast Object Acquisition and Measurement System (FOAMS) to obtain a vesicle number density. Melt inclusions in crystals were identified and double polished, and their H₂O content was analyzed using infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The mean value of the BND is 4.09×10 6 mm⁻³, while the mean value of the H₂O content is 3.05%. According to the nucleation theory, the average decompression rate is thus calculated to be 13.47 MPa/s (ascent rate of 548 m/s). An alternative equation, which relies solely on the BND, provides a decompression rate of 9.06 MPa/s (ascent rate of 362 m/s). Both calculated values are high, but remain within a reasonable range for eruptions of this magnitude. If this eruption were to occur today, it would have a catastrophic impact. These results emphasize the necessity for further research to provide a deeper understanding of such destructive eruptions. 

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3. Pressurizing Magma Within Heterogeneous Crust: A Case Study at the Socorro Magma Body, New Mexico, USA

   https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL105689  

   Block, Grant A; Roy, Mousumi; Graves, Emily; Grapenthin, Ronni (October 2023, Geophysical Research Letters)

   Abstract Surface deformation plays a key role in illuminating magma transport at active volcanoes, however, unambiguous separation of deep and shallow transport remains elusive. The Socorro Magma Body (SMB) lacks an upper crustal magma transport system, allowing us to link geodetic measurements with predictions of numerical models investigating rheologic heterogeneities and magma‐mush interaction in the mid‐/lower crust. New InSAR observations confirm that a pattern of central surface uplift surrounded by a region of subsidence (previously coined “sombrero” deformation) has persisted over >100 years at the SMB. Our models suggest this pattern may reflect the presence of a large (>100 km width), weaker‐than‐ambient, compliant region (CR) surrounding the mid‐crustal magma body. Interactions between a pressurizing (e.g., due to melt injection and/or volatile exsolution) sill‐like magma body and CR drive the sombrero pattern, depending on both viscoelastic relaxation and pressurization timescales, explaining its rare observation and transient nature. 

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4. Variable magma flow in sills: Can a magma source be constrained?

   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2021.107427  

   Hoyer, Lauren; Hastie, Warwick W. (January 2022, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research)
5. Deep magma storage during the 2021 La Palma eruption

   https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.ade7641  

   Dayton, Kyle; Gazel, Esteban; Wieser, Penny; Troll, Valentin R.; Carracedo, Juan Carlos; La Madrid, Hector; Roman, Diana C.; Ward, Jamison; Aulinas, Meritxell; Geiger, Harri; et al (February 2023, Science Advances)

   The main magma reservoir beneath the 2021 La Palma eruption is located using CO2 fluid inclusions with Raman spectroscopy. 

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