An official website of the United States government
This content will become publicly available on April 15, 2026
Super-Resolution Mapping and Quantification of Molecular Diffusion via Single-Molecule Displacement/Diffusivity Mapping (SM d M)
- Award ID(s):
- 2203518
- PAR ID:
- 10625606
- Publisher / Repository:
- ACS
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Accounts of Chemical Research
- Volume:
- 58
- Issue:
- 8
- ISSN:
- 0001-4842
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 1224 to 1235
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
More Like this
-
Abstract Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is an evolutionarily conserved neurosecretory molecule implicated in a diverse complement of functions across taxa and in regulating feeding behavior and reproductive maturation inOctopus. However, little is known about the precise molecular circuitry of NPY‐mediated behaviors and physiological processes, which likely involve a complex interaction of multiple signal molecules in specific brain regions. Here, we examined the expression of NPY throughout theOctopuscentral nervous system. The sequence analysis ofOctopusNPY precursor confirmed the presence of both, signal peptide and putative active peptides, which are highly conserved across bilaterians.In situhybridization revealed distinct expression of NPY in specialized compartments, including potential “integration centers,” where visual, tactile, and other behavioral circuitries converge. These centers integrating separate circuits may maintain and modulate learning and memory or other behaviors not yet attributed to NPY‐dependent modulation inOctopus. Extrasomatic localization of NPY mRNA in the neurites of specific neuron populations in the brain suggests a potential demand for immediate translation at synapses and a crucial temporal role for NPY in these cell populations. We also documented the presence of NPY mRNA in a small cell population in the olfactory lobe, which is a component of theOctopusfeeding and reproductive control centers. However, the molecular mapping of NPY expression only partially overlapped with that produced by immunohistochemistry in previous studies. Our study provides a precise molecular map of NPY mRNA expression that can be used to design and test future hypotheses about molecular signaling in variousOctopusbehaviors.more » « less
-
We present the rigorous theoretical framework of the generalized spin mapping representation for non-adiabatic dynamics. Our work is based upon a new mapping formalism recently introduced by Runeson and Richardson [J. Chem. Phys. 152, 084110 (2020)], which uses the generators of the [Formula: see text] Lie algebra to represent N discrete electronic states, thus preserving the size of the original Hilbert space. Following this interesting idea, the Stratonovich–Weyl transform is used to map an operator in the Hilbert space to a continuous function on the SU( N) Lie group, i.e., a smooth manifold which is a phase space of continuous variables. We further use the Wigner representation to describe the nuclear degrees of freedom and derive an exact expression of the time-correlation function as well as the exact quantum Liouvillian for the non-adiabatic system. Making the linearization approximation, this exact Liouvillian is reduced to the Liouvillian of several recently proposed methods, and the performance of this linearized method is tested using non-adiabatic models. We envision that the theoretical work presented here provides a rigorous and unified framework to formally derive non-adiabatic quantum dynamics approaches with continuous variables and connects the previous methods in a clear and concise manner.more » « less
