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A simple “RF-flashlight” (or ground-to-satellite) interference testbed is proposed to experimentally verify (i) real-time geofencing (RTG) for protecting passive Earth Exploration Satellite Services (EESS) radiometer measurements from 5G/6G mm-wave transmissions, and (ii) ground-to-satellite propagationmodels used in the interference modeling of this spectrumcoexistence scenario. RTG is a stronger EESS protectionmechanism than the current methodology recommended by theITU based on a worst-case interference threshold whilesimultaneously enabling dynamic spectrum sharing and coexistencewith 5G/6G wireless networks. Similarly, verifying moresophisticated RF propagation models that include ground topology,buildings, and non-line-of-sight paths will provide better estimatesof interference than the current ITU line-of-sight model and, thus,a more reliable basis for establishing a consensus among thespectrum stakeholders.
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This content will become publicly available on September 1, 2026
Resource Allocation of Terrestrial-Satellite Service in Coexistence with Earth Exploration Satellites
Earth exploration satellite service (EESS) plays a crucial role in environmental monitoring and weather forecasting by utilizing passive sensing technologies. However, the rapid expansion of terrestrial and satellite communication networks has introduced significant interference challenges, particularly in frequency bands that overlap with or are adjacent to EESS sensors. In this work, we develop a system model that explicitly characterizes EESS interference by considering reflected signal effects and spatial interference accumulation. Based on this model, we propose an EESS-aware resource allocation (EARA) framework that jointly optimizes power allocation and user association, while ensuring that interference to EESS sensors remains within acceptable limits. A non-convex joint optimization problem is formulated and efficiently solved leveraging the Lagrangian dual transform and Dinkelbach’s method. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed EARA scheme achieves up to 26.3% higher sum rate compared to genetic algorithm and binary whale optimization algorithm, while strictly satisfying the ITU-defined interference threshold. This work establishes a foundation for future research on the coexistence of communication networks and passive Earth observation systems, offering practical strategies for interference mitigation and spectrum sharing in next-generation networks.
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- Award ID(s):
- 2332760
- PAR ID:
- 10628799
- Publisher / Repository:
- Proceedings of IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications
- Date Published:
- Subject(s) / Keyword(s):
- Earth exploration satellite, LEO satellites, terrestrial networks, resource allocation, mixed-integer optimization.
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Location:
- Istanbul, Turkey
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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